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brach

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Brach and brách

English

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WOTD – 31 July 2025

Etymology 1

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Image
A brach (noun sense 1) of the Alpine Dachsbracke breed.

From Late Middle English brache (“hunting dog, especially a small scent hound; female dog, bitch (?); lapdog (?)”),[1] probably a back-formation from Old French brachès, brachez, the plural of brachet (“female scent hound”), a diminutive of brac, from Old High German braccho, bracco, bracko (“scent hound”) (modern German Bracke);[2][3] further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Germanic *brēkijaną (compare Latin fragrō (“to emit a smell”), Middle High German bræhen (“to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell”)),[4] from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to have a strong odour, to smell”).

cognates

Pronunciation

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Noun

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brach (plural brachs or braches) (archaic)

  2. (chiefly hunting) Originally, a synonym of scent hound (“a hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell rather than by its vision”); later, any female hound; a bitch hound.
    Synonym: (obsolete) brachet
  3. (derogatory) A despicable or disagreeable woman; a bitch.
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Translations
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Etymology 2

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Clipping of brach(iopod).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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brach (plural brachs)

  1. (paleontology, informal) Clipping of brachiopod.
Translations
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References

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  1. ^ “brache, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. ^ “brach, n.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
  3. ^ “brach, n.”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
  4. ^ Compare “Bracke”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[1] (in German)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr
Proto-Balto-Slavic *brā́ˀtē
Proto-Slavic *bratrъ
Old Czech bratr
Old Czech -ch
Old Czech brach
Czech brach

    Inherited from Old Czech brach. By surface analysis, bratr (“brother”) +‎ -ch.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [ˈbrax]
    • Hyphenation: brach

    Noun

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    brach m anim

    1. (colloquial) bro
    2. (colloquial) guy

    Declension

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    Declension of brach (velar masculine animate)
    singular plural
    nominative brach brachové, braši
    genitive bracha brachů
    dative brachovi, brachu brachům
    accusative bracha brachy
    vocative brachu brachové, braši
    locative brachovi, brachu braších
    instrumental brachem brachy

    Further reading

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    German

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Backformation from brachliegen, from in Brache liegen, from the noun Brache (“fallow land, fallowness”). Cognate with Dutch braak. Related with brechen (etymology 2).

    Adjective

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    brach (strong nominative masculine singular bracher, not comparable)

    1. fallow
      Synonyms: unbestellt, unbebaut
    Declension
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    Positive forms of brach (uncomparable)
    number & gender singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter
    predicative er ist brach sie ist brach es ist brach sie sind brach
    strong declension
    (without article)     		nominative bracher brache braches brache
    genitive brachen bracher brachen bracher
    dative brachem bracher brachem brachen
    accusative brachen brache braches brache
    weak declension
    (with definite article)     		nominative der brache die brache das brache die brachen
    genitive des brachen der brachen des brachen der brachen
    dative dem brachen der brachen dem brachen den brachen
    accusative den brachen die brache das brache die brachen
    mixed declension
    (with indefinite article)     		nominative ein bracher eine brache ein braches (keine) brachen
    genitive eines brachen einer brachen eines brachen (keiner) brachen
    dative einem brachen einer brachen einem brachen (keinen) brachen
    accusative einen brachen eine brache ein braches (keine) brachen
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    Verb

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    brach

    1. first/third-person singular preterite of brechen

    Irish

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    Etymology 1

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Noun

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    brach m (genitive singular bracha)

    1. pus
    2. discharge from eyes during sleep
    Declension
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    Declension of brach (third declension, no plural)
    bare forms
    singular
    nominative brach
    vocative a bhrach
    genitive bracha
    dative brach
    forms with the definite article
    singular
    nominative an brach
    genitive an bhracha
    dative leis an mbrach
    don bhrach
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    Noun

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    brach f (genitive singular braiche)

    1. alternative form of braich (“malt”)
    Declension
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    Declension of brach (second declension, no plural)
    bare forms
    singular
    nominative brach
    vocative a bhrach
    genitive braiche
    dative brach
    forms with the definite article
    singular
    nominative an bhrach
    genitive na braiche
    dative leis an mbrach
    don bhrach

    Verb

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    brach (present analytic brachann, future analytic brachfaidh, verbal noun brachadh, past participle brachta)

    1. (ambitransitive) alternative form of braich (“malt”)
    Conjugation
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    Conjugation of brach (first conjugation – A)
    indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    present brachaim brachann tú;
    brachair†     		brachann sé, sí brachaimid; brachann muid brachann sibh brachann siad;
    brachaid†     		a bhrachann; a bhrachas brachtar
    past bhrach mé; bhrachas bhrach tú; bhrachais bhrach sé, sí bhrachamar; bhrach muid bhrach sibh; bhrachabhair bhrach siad; bhrachadar a bhrach brachadh
    past habitual bhrachainn /
    brachainn‡     		bhrachtá /
    brachtᇠ    		bhrachadh sé, sí /
    brachadh sé, sí‡     		bhrachaimis; bhrachadh muid /
    brachaimis‡; brachadh muid‡     		bhrachadh sibh /
    brachadh sibh‡     		bhrachaidís; bhrachadh siad /
    brachaidís‡; brachadh siad‡     		a bhrachadh bhrachtaí /
    brachtaí‡
    singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    future brachfaidh mé;
    brachfad     		brachfaidh tú;
    brachfair†     		brachfaidh sé, sí brachfaimid;
    brachfaidh muid     		brachfaidh sibh brachfaidh siad;
    brachfaid†     		a bhrachfaidh; a bhrachfas brachfar
    conditional bhrachfainn /
    brachfainn‡     		bhrachfá /
    brachfᇠ    		bhrachfadh sé, sí /
    brachfadh sé, sí‡     		bhrachfaimis; bhrachfadh muid /
    brachfaimis‡; brachfadh muid‡     		bhrachfadh sibh /
    brachfadh sibh‡     		bhrachfaidís; bhrachfadh siad /
    brachfaidís‡; brachfadh siad‡     		a bhrachfadh bhrachfaí /
    brachfaí‡
    subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    present go mbracha mé;
    go mbrachad†     		go mbracha tú;
    go mbrachair†     		go mbracha sé, sí go mbrachaimid;
    go mbracha muid     		go mbracha sibh go mbracha siad;
    go mbrachaid†     		— go mbrachtar
    past dá mbrachainn dá mbrachtá dá mbrachadh sé, sí dá mbrachaimis;
    dá mbrachadh muid     		dá mbrachadh sibh dá mbrachaidís;
    dá mbrachadh siad     		— dá mbrachtaí
    imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
    first second third first second third
    — brachaim brach brachadh sé, sí brachaimis brachaigí;
    brachaidh†     		brachaidís — brachtar
    past participle brachta
    verbal noun brachadh

    † archaic or dialect form
    ‡ dependent form

    Mutation

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    Mutated forms of brach
    radical lenition eclipsis
    brach bhrach mbrach

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    Further reading

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    Middle High German

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈbrax/

    Verb

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    brach

    1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative of brëchen

    Old Czech

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Verb

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    brach

    1. first-person singular aorist of bráti

    Etymology 2

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *brā́ˀtē
    Proto-Slavic *bratrъ
    Old Czech bratr
    Old Czech -ch
    Old Czech brach

      From bratr + -ch.

      Noun

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      brach m pers

      1. diminutive of bratr
      2. brother
      3. friend
      4. lover
      Declension
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      Declension of brach (hard o-stem)
      singular dual plural
      nominative brach brachy braši, brachové
      genitive bracha brachú brachóv
      dative brachu, brachovi brachoma brachóm
      accusative bracha brachy brachy
      vocative braše brachy braši, brachové
      locative brachu, brachovi brachú brašiech
      instrumental brachem brachoma brachy
      This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
      Derived terms
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      Descendants
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      • Czech: brach

      References

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      Polish

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      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ˈbrax/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Rhymes: -ax
      • Syllabification: brach

      Etymology 1

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      Clipping of brat + -ch.

      Noun

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      brach m pers

      1. (colloquial) bro (comrade or friend)
        Coordinate term: siora
      Declension
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      Declension of brach
      singular plural
      nominative brach brachy
      genitive bracha brachów
      dative brachowi brachom
      accusative bracha brachów
      instrumental brachem brachami
      locative brachu brachach
      vocative brachu brachy
      Derived terms
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      noun

      Etymology 2

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      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

      Noun

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      brach m inan

      1. locative plural of ber
        Synonym: berach

      Further reading

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      • “brach”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
      • “brach”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish)
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=brach&oldid=91095546"