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deber

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Asturian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Leonese dever, in turn from Latin dēbēre (to owe).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /deˈbeɾ/ [d̪eˈβ̞eɾ]
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Syllabification: de‧ber

Verb

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deber (first-person singular indicative present debo, past participle debíu)

  1. to owe (to be in debt)
  2. to should, ought, will likely

Conjugation

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Noun

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deber m (plural deberes)

  1. obligation, duty

Further reading

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  • Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “deber”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN
  • deber”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1st edition, Academy of the Asturian Language [Asturian: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana], 2000, →ISBN

Galician

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese dever, from Latin dēbēre (to owe).

Verb

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deber (first-person singular present debo, first-person singular preterite debín, past participle debido)

  1. should, ought, will likely
  2. owe (to be in debt)

Conjugation

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Further reading

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Interlingua

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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deber

  1. to have to

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of deber
infinitive deber
participle present perfect
debente debite
active simple perfect
present debe ha debite
past debeva habeva debite
future debera habera debite
conditional deberea haberea debite
imperative debe
passive simple perfect
present es debite ha essite debite
past esseva debite habeva essite debite
future essera debite habera essite debite
conditional esserea debite haberea essite debite
imperative sia debite

Maltese

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Arabic دَبَرَ (dabara).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    deber (imperfect jidbor, past participle midbur)

    1. to negotiate
      Synonym: debber

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation of deber (Form I)
    positive forms
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    perfect m dbirt dbirt deber dbirna dbirtu debru
    f debret
    imperfect m nidbor tidbor jidbor nidbru tidbru jidbru
    f tidbor
    imperative idbor idbru

    Slovene

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Slavic *dьbrь.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /dəbə́r/, /dèːbər/, /déːbər/

    Noun

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    dəbə̏r or dẹ̄bər f

    1. gorge (narrow valley)

    Declension

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    This noun needs an inflection-table template.

    Further reading

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    • deber”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2026

    Spanish

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Old Spanish dever, from Latin dēbēre (owe). Cognates include English due and debt.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /deˈbeɾ/ [d̪eˈβ̞eɾ]
    • Audio (Colombia):(file)
    • Rhymes: -eɾ
    • Syllabification: de‧ber

    Verb

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    deber (first-person singular present debo, first-person singular preterite debí, past participle debido)

    1. (ditransitive) to owe
      Le debo dinero al banco.
      I owe the bank money.
      Te debo una.
      I owe you one (favor, etc.).
    2. (auxiliary, not in the conditional, formal in Spain) must, need to, have to (indicates an obligation or requirement) [(optionally) with de]
      Synonyms: (more common informally in Spain) tener que, (formal) haber de
      Debo estudiar.
      I have to study.
      Usted debe despertarse antes del amanecer.
      You are to be up before sunrise.
      Debes de viajar por avión, China está muy lejos.
      You have to travel by plane, China is very far away.
      • 2026 April 30, No-Sleep5733, r/Lima_Peru[1] (Reddit post):
        que[sic] tan feo debes de ser para pagar por sexo
        how ugly do you have to be to pay for sex
        (Can we archive this URL?)
    3. (auxiliary, not in the conditional) must (used to indicate that something is likely) [(optionally) with de]
      Synonym: tener que
      Juan no me contesta las llamadas, debe de estar en clase.
      Juan's not answering my calls, he must be in class right now.
      Eso debe haber sido muy difícil.
      That must have been really difficult.
    4. (auxiliary, in the conditional) should (indicating opinion or expectation) [(optionally) with de]
      La gente no debería mensajear y conducir.
      People shouldn't be texting and driving.
      Deberías disculparte.
      You should apologize.
      Los niños deberían dormir un poco.
      The children should get some sleep.
      1. (auxiliary, in the preterite, formal in Spain) should have [(optionally) with de]
        Synonym: (more common informally in Spain) debería + haber + participle
        Debiste esperarme.
        You should have waited for me.
        Debiste haberme esperado.
        You should have waited for me.
      2. (auxiliary, in the conditional + haber + participle) should have [(optionally) with de]
        Synonym: (both formal in Spain) debí + infinitive / debí + haber + participle
        Lo primero que deberías haber hecho es ir al médico.
        The first thing you should've done is go to the doctor.
    5. (auxiliary, formal in Spain, in the future tense) will need to [(optionally) with de]
      Synonym: tener que
    6. (reflexive with preposition a) to be due to, to be attributable to, to be the result of, to be caused by
      El incendio se debió a un cortocircuito.
      The fire was due to a short circuit.

    Usage notes

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    • Usage in Spain differs from that of Latin America. In Spain, deber in the sense of "must" (used to express obligation or requirement) is usually replaced with tener que, and deber is seen as formal in this context. However, it is commonly used in both regions to indicate probability or supposition (also translated as "must"). Deber is still used in Spain in the conditional and the preterite (with the meaning of should or should have), although a construction with deber in the conditional + haber + participle is more common than deber in the preterite in informal language. The sense of "owe" is used regularly in both regions.
    • The RAE (Royal Spanish Academy) differentiates between deber and deber de. According to their standard, deber should preferably be used to indicate an obligation or requirement, and deber de to express probability or supposition.
    • In the preterite, the infinitive construction and the construction with haber plus a participle are synonymous.
    • Conjugations such as debrá or debría are nonstandard.

    Conjugation

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    Derived terms

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    Noun

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    deber m (plural deberes)

    1. obligation, duty
      Synonym: obligación
    2. debt
      Synonym: deuda
    3. should, ought (modal noun)
    4. (Spain, usually in the plural) homework
      Synonym: tarea

    Further reading

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