irar

See also: írar, Írar, and iRaR

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto iri, Spanish ir, and found in future and conditional forms of French aller, from Latin īre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iˈrar/

Verb

irar (present tense iras, past tense iris, future tense iros, imperative irez, conditional irus)

1. (ambitransitive) to go

   On iras de Paris a London, parte per fervoyo, parte per navo.

   One goes from Paris to London, in part by railway, in part by boat.

   Li iris penigiva voyo.

   They went a wearisome way.

Usage notes

The term is general and does not describe the way of which the subject goes, it can be by walking, running, flying, teleporting, etc. or by several means. Marchar is used for "to walk".

The term is most often intransitive, but can be transitive (see the second example).

Conjugation

Conjugation of irar

		present		past		future
infinitive		irar		irir		iror
tense		iras		iris		iros
conditional		irus		—		—
imperative		irez		—		—
adjective active participle		iranta		irinta		ironta
adverbial active participle		irante		irinte		ironte
nominal active participle	singular	iranto		irinto		ironto
	plural	iranti		irinti		ironti
adjective passive participle		irata		irita		irota
adverbial passive participle		irate		irite		irote
nominal passive participle	singular	irato		irito		iroto
	plural	irati		iriti		iroti

Derived terms

• adirar (“to go to, toward; to approach”)
• alongirar (“to go along, skirt, coast”)
• avanirar (“to advance, go forward”)
• biciklirar (“to bicycle”)
• cirkumirar (“to go or wind around (as an obstacle)”)
• cirkumiro (“circuitous way, detour”)
• dopirar (“to come after (not necessarily "to follow")”)
• ekirar (“to exit, go out, get out”)
• ekrelirar (“to go off the track”)
• enirar (“to enter, come in”)
• enireyo (“entrance”)
• enirigar (“to admit, (make to) enter, show, let in, drag in, send in, tuck in”)
• eniro (“entering, entree”)
• flankirar (“to go aside”)
• forirar (“to go away”)
• -irar
• iro (“going; passage”)
• misirar (“to go astray, lose one’s way”)
• netrairebla (“impassable”)
• parirar (“to go through (to end or destination)”)
• pedirala (“pedestrian”)
• pedirante (“on foot”)
• pediranto (“pedestrian”)
• pedirar (“to go on foot”)
• pedirero (“pedestrian”)
• preirar (“to precede, go before, go first or in front of”)
• preterirar (“to pass (by), go beyond; (fig.) to overreach”)
• retroirar (“to go back, to retrograde, fall back (as of troops), retreat, to back (of carriages)”)
• retroirigo (“retrogression”)
• retroiro (“retrogression”)
• rienirar (“to re-enter”)
• ritrairar (“to recross, traverse again”)
• rondirar (“to go around, circulate”)
• rondiro (“round, circuit”)
• seglirar (“to sail, go sailing”)
• superirar (“to go over, to rise above; (fig.) to surpass”)
• trairar (“to go, travel through”)
• transirar (“to go across (to the other side), to traverse”)
• veturirar (“to go, travel, drive in a vehicle”)

References

• Progreso I (in Ido), 1908–1909, page 302
• Progreso II (in Ido), 1909–1910, page 484
• Progreso IV (in Ido), 1911–1912, page 463

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

irar m

1. indefinite plural of ire

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *eriros (compare Welsh eryr, Breton erer), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɾəɾ/
  • (Blasse) [ˈi.ɾaɾ]
  • (Griffith) [ˈi.ɾəɾ]

Noun

irar m (genitive irair, nominative plural irair)

1. eagle

Inflection

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	irar	irarL	irairL
vocative	irair	irarL	iraruH
accusative	irarN	irarL	iraruH
genitive	irairL	irar	irarN
dative	irarL	iraraib	iraraib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Middle Irish: ilar
  • Irish: iolar
  • Scottish Gaelic: iolair
  • Manx: urley

Mutation

Mutation of irar

radical	lenition	nasalization
irar (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	irar	n-irar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ilar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Portuguese

Etymology

From ira +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /iˈɾa(ʁ)/ [iˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /iˈɾa(ʁ)/ [iˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /iˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /iˈɾa(ʁ)/ [iˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /iˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /iˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /iˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /iˈɾa.ɾi/

• Homophone: irá (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: i‧rar

Verb

irar (first-person singular present iro, first-person singular preterite irei, past participle irado)

1. to anger

   Synonyms: irritar, rabiar, enfurecer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of irar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	irar
Personal	irar	irares	irar	irarmos	irardes	irarem
Gerund
	irando
Past participle
Masculine	irado			irados
Feminine	irada			iradas
Indicative
Present	iro	iras	ira	iramos	irais	iram
Imperfect	irava	iravas	irava	irávamos	iráveis	iravam
Preterite	irei	iraste	irou	iramos1, irámos2	irastes	iraram
Pluperfect	irara	iraras	irara	iráramos	iráreis	iraram
Future	irarei	irarás	irará	iraremos	irareis	irarão
Conditional	iraria	irarias	iraria	iraríamos	iraríeis	irariam
Subjunctive
Present	ire	ires	ire	iremos	ireis	irem
Imperfect	irasse	irasses	irasse	irássemos	irásseis	irassem
Future	irar	irares	irar	irarmos	irardes	irarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ira	ire	iremos	irai	irem
Negative (não)		não ires	não ire	não iremos	não ireis	não irem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• irado

Further reading

• “irar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “irar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “irar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Tarifit

Root
r-r (playing)
2 terms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Berber.

Pronunciation

• (Nador) IPA^(key): [ɪɾaː]

Verb

irar (verbal noun řirart or řurart, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵔⴰⵔ)

1. (transitive) to play
2. (intransitive) to have fun
3. (intransitive, euphemistic) to sing; to dance (especially of girls)
4. (intransitive) to mock [with x]
5. (intransitive) to fool, to deceive [with x]
6. (intransitive) to defile (a woman) [with di]

Conjugation

Conjugation of irar

aorist perfective negative perfective imperfective negative imperfective participle yiraren yiraren yiraren yettiraren yettiraren singular plural 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person aorist m irareɣ tirared yirar nirar tirarem iraren f tirar tirarent irarent perfective m irareɣ tirared yirar nirar tirarem iraren f tirar tirarent irarent negative perfective m irareɣ tirared yirar nirar tirarem iraren f tirar tirarent irarent imperfective m ttirareɣ tettirared yettirar nettirar tettirarem ttiraren f tettirar tettirarent ttirarent negative imperfective m ttirareɣ tettirared yettirar nettirar tettirarem ttiraren f tettirar tettirarent ttirarent aorist imperative m irar irarem, iraret f irarent imperfective imperative m ttirar ttirarem, ttiraret f ttirarent injunctive m niraret f nirarent

Synonyms

• (Western) ɛyar

References

• Serhoual (2002)
• Abarrou (2024)