turpentine

English

Turpentine

Etymology

From Middle English terebentyne, terbentyne, turbentine, from Old French terbentine, turbentine, Latin terebinthīna, from terebintha, from Ancient Greek τερεβινθίνη (terebinthínē), from τερεβινθινος (terebinthinos), from τερέβινθος (terébinthos). Related to terpene and terpin; etymologically equivalent to terebinth +‎ -ine.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈtɜː.pənˌtaɪn/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈtɝ.pənˌtaɪn/
• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)pəntaɪn

Noun

turpentine (countable and uncountable, plural turpentines)

2. Any oleoresin secreted by the wood or bark of certain trees.
4. A volatile essential oil now obtained from such oleoresin of from the wood of pine trees by steam distillation; a complex mixture of monoterpenes; now used as a solvent and paint thinner.

   Synonyms: spirit of turpentine, spirits of turpentine, oil of turpentine, terebenthene, terebinthine, turps, tarpin

5. (Australia) A turpentine tree (genus Syncarpia).
   • 1954 March, “The Hayman Island Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 207:

     Turpentine timber was obtained from the forests outside Maryborough and Townsville, and shipped by rail and landing craft to Hayman Island.

Derived terms

• Aleppo turpentine
• Bourdeaux turpentine, Bordeaux turpentine
• brush turpentine (Choricarpia leptopetala, Rhodamnia rubescens)
• Canada turpentine, Canadian turpentine
• Carpathian turpentine
• Chian turpentine, Chio turpentine
• common turpentine
• crude turpentine
• Cyprian turpentine, Cyprus turpentine
• French turpentine
• gum turpentine
• Hungarian turpentine
• larch turpentine
• mineral turpentine
• oil of turpentine, oils of turpentine
• Russian turpentine
• Scio turpentine
• scrub turpentine (Canarium australianum, Rhodamnia rubescens)
• spirit of turpentine, spirits of turpentine
• Strasbourg turpentine, Strasburg turpentine, Strasburgh turpentine
• sulfate turpentine
• turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus spp.)
• turpentine borer (Buprestis apricans)
• turpentine broom (Thamnosma montana)
• turpentine bush
• turpentine camphor
• turpentine grass (Cymbopogon spp.)
• turpentine moth (Tortricidae spp.)
• turpentine of Chio
• turpentine of Cyprus
• turpentiner
• turpentine tree
• turpentine weed (Gutierrezia sarothrae etc.)
• turpentinic
• turpentiny
• Venetian turpentine, Venice turpentine
• white turpentine

Related terms

• terebic
• terebinth
• terpene

Descendants

• → Irish: tuirpintín
• → Welsh: tyrpant

Translations

volatile essential oil

• Albanian: terpentinë (sq) f
• Arabic: تِرْبَنْتِين (tirbantīn), نَفْط m (nafṭ) (dated)
• Armenian: բեւեկն (hy) (bewekn), սկիպիդար (hy) (skipidar)
• Azerbaijani: skipidar
• Belarusian: шкіпіна́р m (škipinár), шпікіна́р m (špikinár), шпігіна́р m (špihinár), тарпаты́на f (tarpatýna)
• Bengali: তার্পিন (bn) (tarpin)
• Bulgarian: терпенти́н m (terpentín)
• Burmese: တာရပင်ဆီ (tara.panghci), ထင်းရှူးဆီ (my) (htang:hru:hci), တာပင်တိုင် (my) (tapangtuing)
• Catalan: aiguarràs (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 松節油 / 松节油 (zh) (sōngjiéyóu)

• Czech: terpentýn m
• Danish: terpentin c
• Dutch: terpentijn (nl) m
• Esperanto: terebinto (eo)
• Estonian: tärpentin, tärpentiin
• Finnish: tärpätti (fi)
• French: essence de térébenthine (fr) f, térébenthine (fr) f
• Georgian: კევი (ka) (ḳevi), სკიპიდარი (ka) (sḳiṗidari), ბელეკონი (ka) (beleḳoni)
• German: Terpentin (de) n
• Greek: τερεβινθίνη (el) f (terevinthíni), τερεβινθέλαιο (el) n (terevinthélaio), νέφτι (el) n (néfti)
• Gujarati: ટરપિથ (ṭarpith)
• Hawaiian: kapenekine
• Hebrew: טֶרפָּנטִין m (terpantín)
• Hindi: तारपीन (hi) m (tārpīn)
• Hungarian: terpentin (hu)
• Icelandic: terpentína (is) f
• Ido: terpentino (io)
• Indonesian: terpentin (id)
• Irish: tuirpintín m, ola bhí f, ola thuirpintín f
• Italian: acquaragia (it) f, trementina (it) f, essenza di trementina f
• Japanese: テレビン油 (ja) (テレビンゆ, terebin'yu), 松脂油 (ja) (まつやにあぶら, matsuyaniabura)
• Kazakh: скипидар (skipidar)
• Khmer: ជ័រស្រល់ (cɔə srɑl)
• Korean: 테레빈유 (terebinyu), 투르펜틴 (tureupentin), 송지유(松脂油) (ko) (songjiyu)
• Kyrgyz: скипидар (skipidar)
• Lao: ຢາງສົນ (yāng son)
• Latvian: terpentīns m
• Lithuanian: terpentinas m
• Macedonian: терпентин m (terpentin)
• Malay: turpentin
• Māori: hinu paina
• Nahuatl: oxitl
• Nepali: तारपिन (tārapina)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: terpentin m or n

  Nynorsk: terpentin m or n

• Persian: تِرِبانْتین (fa) (terebântin)
• Polish: terpentyna (pl) f
• Portuguese: aguarrás m, terebintina (pt) f
• Punjabi: ਤਾਰਪੀਨ (tārpīn)
• Romanian: terebentină (ro) f
• Russian: скипида́р (ru) m (skipidár), терпенти́н (ru) m (terpentín)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: терпѐнтӣн m

  Latin: terpèntīn (sh) m

• Slovak: terpentín m
• Slovene: terpentin (sl) m
• Spanish: aguarrás (es) m, trementina (es)
• Swahili: terafini
• Swedish: terpentin (sv) n
• Tagalog: agwaras (tl), lunay, turpentayn
• Tajik: скипидар (skipidar)
• Thai: น้ำมันสน (nám-man-sǒn)
• Turkish: terebentin (tr), terementi (tr), terementin

  Ottoman Turkish: نفت یاغی (neft yağı), روغن نفت (revgan-ı neft, ruğan-ı neft), ترمنتین (terementin), ترمنتی (terementi)

• Turkmen: skipidar
• Ukrainian: скипида́р m (skypydár), шпиґина́р m (špygynár) (dated), шпигина́р m (špyhynár) (dated), терпенти́на f (terpentýna)
• Urdu: تارپِین m (tārpīn)
• Uyghur: ئىسكىپدار (iskipdar)
• Uzbek: skipidar (uz)
• Vietnamese: nhựa thông (vi)

See also

• white spirit
• naval stores

Verb

turpentine (third-person singular simple present turpentines, present participle turpentining, simple past and past participle turpentined)

1. (transitive) To drain resin from (a tree) for use in making turpentine.

Derived terms

• unturpentined

References

• “turpentine”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.