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Cash surplus or deficit is revenue (including grants) minus expense, minus net acquisition of nonfinancial assets. In the 1986 GFS manual nonfinancial assets were included under revenue and expenditure in gross terms. This cash surplus or deficit is closest to the earlier overall budget balance (still missing is lending minus repayments, which are now a financing item under net acquisition of financial assets).
World Development Indicators
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
No data
Tax revenue refers to compulsory transfers to the central government for public purposes. Certain compulsory transfers such as fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded. Refunds and corrections of erroneously collected tax revenue are treated as negative revenue.
World Development Indicators
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Total tax rate measures the amount of taxes and mandatory contributions payable by businesses after accounting for allowable deductions and exemptions as a share of commercial profits. Taxes withheld (such as personal income tax) or collected and remitted to tax authorities (such as value added taxes, sales taxes or goods and service taxes) are excluded.
World Development Indicators
Source
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Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)
World Development Indicators
Featured indicators
Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP)
| Euro area | -5.2% | |
| European Union | -6.2% | |
| Europe & Central Asia | -0.4% | |
| Middle East & North Africa | -3.0% | |
| OECD members | -7.7% | |
| South Asia | -4.6% | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | -1.0% | |
| World | -7.1% |
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
| Arab World | 6.3% | |
| East Asia & Pacific | 1.9% | |
| Euro area | 1.7% | |
| European Union | 1.8% | |
| Europe & Central Asia | 3.3% | |
| Latin America & Caribbean | 1.5% | |
| Least developed countries: UN classification | 2.1% | |
| Middle East & North Africa | 3.5% | |
| OECD members | 2.7% | |
| South Asia | 2.6% | |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 1.7% | |
| World | 2.6% |
