Low-valent main group radicals are difficult to isolate because they are highly unstable. Here, the authors report a stable germanium radical anion and reveal its structure, bonding and distinctive reactivity.

Carbon deposition and insufficient reactivity hinder the development of anodes in solid oxide fuel cells. Here, authors propose an entropy-induced order–disorder transition strategy to fabricate high-entropy anodes to attain improved catalytic activity and durable coking resistance.

Viscoelastic contact underpins the use of Koopman operators with sufficient accuracy to control inputs. This enables the convex Model Predictive Control of a legged robot, and the real-time control of a manipulator engaged in dynamic pushing.

Activating dinitrogen under mild conditions remains a central challenge in ammonia synthesis, driving the search for electron-rich active sites that can facilitate N₂ activation and lower reaction barriers. Here, the authors create electron-rich dianion vacancies in a rare-earth carbide catalyst, providing a promising route to efficient and stable ammonia synthesis under mild conditions.

Biological tissues exhibit coupled electrical activity and gene expression that are difficult to measure simultaneously. Here, authors introduce in situ graphene sequencing, integrating electrophysiology with spatial transcriptomics to enable multimodal characterisation of tissue microenvironments.

The earliest known glacial sediments in northwest Europe are dated using cosmogenic nuclides, revealing the first expansions of the Eurasian Ice Sheet at ~2.4 and ~1.7 million years ago.

Rising seas threaten the capacity of coral reefs to maintain their structure and ecosystem services on which millions depend. This study analyses Indo-Pacific Holocene fossil records to show that 76% of reefs risk submergence by 2100, with reef growth unlikely to be sufficient when sea-level rise exceeds 5.3 mm yr⁻¹.

‘Photocatalytic uranium extraction can surpass intrinsic capacity limits of adsorption but is shows limitations in continuously flowing and ultra dilute seawater. Here the authors report a hollow hierarchical covalent organic framework microcavity reactor that decouples H₂O₂ generation from uranyl capture via bidirectional reactant flux coupling. ’

Increased continental erosion during the end-Permian mass extinction buffered carbon emissions, delaying global warming by ~50 kyr and promoting marine anoxia, revealing a key link between ecosystem collapse and climate response.

Climate extremes increasingly threaten global food production. This study shows that cropland exposure to multiple hazards is rising worldwide, especially in major breadbasket regions, with vulnerability amplifying future agricultural risk.

Little is known about how cerebellar population activity controls movements in ways distinct from individual neuron correlations. Here the authors show that Purkinje neuron population covariance uniquely influences motor coordination in mice.

The authors identify conserved gene networks across fern and angiosperm reproductive development, including between the sporophyte ovule and the fern gametophyte egg-chamber. Repurposing of this network could partly explain the ovule’s evolutionary origins.

Activation of nocireceptors can contribute to immunosuppression in cancer. Here the authors report the design and characterization of nociceptor neuron-targeting piezoelectric microneedles, showing disruption of pro-tumorigenic neuron-immune crosstalk and reinvigoration of anti-tumor immunity in melanoma.

The mechanisms that coordinate cell polarity and the cell cycle are incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that defects in polarity trigger an adaptive response that reconfigures cyclin-dependent kinase activity both temporally and spatially to correct polarity defects.

King and colleagues use scTECH-seq to attain spatial mapping of single-cell gene expression and drug response in three-dimensional cultured cell spheroids. Spatial expression analysis provides insight into heterogeneous drug responses in 3D culture models.

Using Denmark’s genomic surveillance linked to health registries, the authors identify immunosuppression as a key risk factor for persistent SARS-CoV-2 infections and show these infections accumulate mutations associated with treatment resistance.

Henipaviruses are a group of emerging human pathogens including the deadly Nipah virus. Here, the authors biochemically, biophysically, and structurally investigate the antigenicity and functionality of their surface glycoproteins.

This study examines how large language models memorize medical data. It categorizes it into beneficial, uninformative, and harmful types. The work offers recommendations to enhance clinical utility and protect patient privacy.

This study identifies a Chemerin–Cmklr1 signaling axis that couples epicardial mechanosensing to cardiac fibroblast activation in pressure overload, revealing a previously unrecognized pathway driving fibrosis and a therapeutic target.

Cozmescu and colleagues show that systemic delivery of lentiviral gene therapy can improve disease features in a rare paediatric disorder (ARC syndrome). They show that liver-specific approaches prove safer than non-specific strategies, which may carry cancer risk.

Climate extremes increasingly threaten global food production. This study shows that cropland exposure to multiple hazards is rising worldwide, especially in major breadbasket regions, with vulnerability amplifying future agricultural risk.

A global analysis of over 7,000 climate-related disasters shows that human development is a stronger determinant of local disaster impacts than hazard intensity, and that inequality in human development amplifies risk in the least developed regions.

National-level technology diffusion rates vary substantially across 130 technologies and 5,990 time series. Newer technologies, as well as smaller, less materially intensive, and shorter-lived technologies, tend to be adopted more quickly.

This study uses visual intelligence to uncover a hidden genealogy of Singapore shophouses, showing that vernacular architecture evolved through dynamic cultural interaction rather than through a simple linear history.

This Perspective argues that violence against women remains persistently high, in some of the most socioeconomically advanced and gender-equal countries as well. Progress has stagnated and prevention efforts seem unable to reach younger generations.