The Sunday Intertitle: Two Girls, One Intertitle

Posted in FILM with tags , , on July 19, 2026 by dcairns

Algorithms are funny old things. After seeking out all the Cretinetti films I could find on YouTube, I suddenly find another one, CRETINETTI’S TWO LOVES, that was posted six years ago. And it’s a good one!

The opening shot creates a nice comic tension since the title clues us in that the window on the right is going to open at some point. And Cretinetti’s flirting is very funny/grotesque.

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When, in the next scene/shot, the two loves tumble to each other’s existence, we get a burst of what I’ve called expository pantomime and what Tom Gunning calls gestural soliloquy, and it’s a fine example of the form. Firstly, because Italianate body language comes closer to this conversational semaphore than most national mannerisms (Cretinetti is actually Andre Deed, a Frenchman, but he’s filming in Italy at this point); secondly, because the gestures are directed from one character to another rather than out into the audience (it’s not really soliloquising, I guess); and thirdly because it actually succeeds in putting over an idea. Most of these acts, in Keystone films for instance, flop, because either the mime is interrupting the story to tell us something we already know, or because it fails to convey whatever it is it’s trying to convey. It’s possible that audiences used to be better at picking up the clues.

But here it’s obvious that Cretinetti, that naughty man, is proposing that the rival girls should fight a duel for his, er, hand. And they seem to really like the idea. Returning to his apartment, the comic gathers up his handy epees and duelling pistols and gives us some more gestural soliloquy, which is eloquent, comprehensible, but I have to say a bit redundant. However I think its true purpose is not explicatory but to cement the comedian’s rapport with his audience. I’m not having it, though: the philandering git seems to want one of his girlfriends to off the other, thereby helping him make up his mind and restoring monogamy though a form of natural selection.

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All this panto stuff means this movie, an early from 1911, has so far required no intertitles.

You wouldn’t really want Cretinetti’s dastardly plan to work, so it’s satisfying when the duelling ladies inflict more damage on the referee than on one another.

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Finally, the filmmakers encounter a plot point that, in their view, can’t be expressed through the medium of arm-waving, so we get this jumbo chunk-o’-text:

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“I love both of you. Yet, since I can marry only one, nothing remains for me but to die.”

I dunno, I think Cretinetti could have put that over visually, if pressed.

A couple of very nifty jump-cuts allow our man to hurl himself into the path of an oncoming jalopy, transform into a mannequin as he passes under its tyres, and then turn back into his true self as his heartbroken fiancées drag him off, bemoaning their selfishness, so splash some cold water on his face (a reliable treatment for automobile suicide).

Now, a new plan emerges — each girl wants only for Cretinetti to be happy, so they both want to throw themselves into the river and drown so he can be with the other. In the ensuing struggle — our man isn’t exactly being noble, I think he’s figured out that he’s about to lose both squeezes — he gets knocked into the drink. Cue the ironic ending, where a couple of manly lifesavers haul C from the (rather shallow) water, and the women are overcome with gratitude and, quickly, romantic yearning. The girls convey their admiration for the men’s lustrous moustaches by curling imaginary handlebars on their own upper lips.

Cretinetti is left alone and sodden, his jacket ripped up the back, shambling off chimplike and bereft. A pretty satisfying exploration of modern romance, 1911 style.

La Dolce Vita, Day 8, Night 8

Posted in FILM with tags , , , , on July 19, 2026 by dcairns
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I wonder how Fellini decided that LA DOLCE VITA would cover ten days, ten nights, and one stray morning after? I suppose that’s what it added up to once he’d included all the scenes he wanted, though ten is a nice round number.

Day 8 is the shortest yet — the film is getting more and more nocturnal — Marcello’s dad drives out of the picture at dawn and immediately it’s night again on the Via Veneto, Nino Rota’s score is blasting away, an ancient Roman epic with jazz stylings, and here comes Nico! Marcello is more or less immediately whisked away to a castle party with the deep-voiced model/chanteuse. A party in a castle in Italy in 1960 would normally lead to giallo-style murders, but I don’t think that’s on the cards this time.

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It soon emerges that Nico has invented an entirely new version of acting unique to herself and is trying it out for maybe the first time. Which is fine. You could argue that she’s in a different film from everyone else but LA DOLCE VITA is large, it contains multitudes.

This party is different because it has lots of old, sleepy aristocrats, captured by Fellini’s cartoonist eye. A change of pace. Rota’s music proceeds on tiptoe. We discover that Marcello’s surname is Rubini, or at least he says it is. I don’t recall catching it earlier.

Anouk turns up! And she doesn’t go everywhere. Her guided tour of the decadent residents and guests and their pile is very lovely — tracking shots, portraits by matchlight. She leads him to a room, leaves him there, then communicates from afar by way of a whispering gallery effect. All very atmospheric, until, having confessed her love to Marcello and he to hers (in, admittedly, somewhat diffident terms — “I feel, tonight, that I love you…”) she starts canoodling with another bloke, leaving our man dangling.

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A seance! Lots more candelabra, dark and deserted rooms (in one, an atmospheric chair balances on its right legs in an odd pose like a Charcot hysteric). This spooky scene of gliding camerawork and shadowplay seems to anticipate the nascent Italian gothic cycle, and there’s even talk of ghosts and vampires. One girl acts possessed with a fine display of erotic writhing.

And Marcello sneaks off to console himself with Audrey MacDonald.

Foul Pest

Posted in FILM with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on July 17, 2026 by dcairns

The following was written for Locarno Film Festival’s retrospective and book Great Expectations: British Postwar Cinema 1945-1960, edited by Ehsan Khoshbakht. It wasn’t called Foul Pest at the time, but actor Brian Pettifer tells me that was Guest’s nickname in the industry, and even though I love a lot of his work as a blog post title it’s too good to pass up.

Val Guest (Valmond Maurice Grossman; 11 December 1911 – 10 May 2006) found himself, to his own bemusement, considered a maker of horror movies; but far more of his career was devoted to comedy. And if there’s an overarching sensibility that crosses from genre to genre, it might be his interest in the erotic: Guest seems to have been on a one-man mission to bring sex to the British cinema, which resulted in him sneaking glimpses of nudity into movies far earlier than the late sixties tipping point, as in Expresso Bongo (1959) and Hell is a City (1960). Even his early comedies and musicals are a bit saucy. This would all culminate, or crash and burn, in the raunchy comedies The Au Pair Girls (1972) and Confessions of a Window Cleaner (1974) which inaugurated a brief, grim, phase of softcore smut comedies in the UK.

Guest was London correspondent for The Hollywood Reporter and broke into movies as screenwriter and songwriter – after trashing Chandu the Magician (1932) he was given a writing job by its co-director, French émigré Marcel Varnel. Guest strove through the thirties to get a snappy, Marxian wit into comedies with the Crazy Gang, Arthur Askey and Will Hay, most of them directed by Varnel. His own directorial debut, Miss London, Ltd. (1943) starred Askey, a jabbering homunculus in horn-rimmed spectacles, but it was also a full-blown musical, not a form that ever had a firm toehold in British film. Guest captured the first number with a vigorous long-take crane shot, an early sign of his intermittent artistic ambitions.

I see Guest as looking to Hollywood on the one side, envying the US commitment to brazen vulgarity and pace, and to Europe for the greater frankness and adult themes. Both interests make him something of an outsider, but he was very much a studio man, writing at first for Gainsborough before enjoying a long relationship with Hammer films.

Guest’s eye for the main chance led him to attempt to launch franchises, like his two films based on Richmal Crompton’s popular schoolboy novels, Just William’s Luck and William Comes to Town (both 1947), and to adapt popular radio series like Up the Creek (1958), which gave an early role to Peter Sellers. (Guest was a bit of a starmaker, casting 14-year-old Jean Simmons in 1944’s Give us the Moon.) Three of his most famous films for Hammer, The Quatermass Xperiment (1955), Quatermass II (1957) and The Abominable Snowman (1958) adapted television hits by Nigel Kneale.

Arguably Guest’s finest work comes at the end of the fifties, where he turned serious with the horror/sci-fi films, two tough war pictures, The Camp on Blood Island (1958) and Yesterday’s Enemy (1959) and a spate of unusual thrillers carrying on into the sixties. Even the stand-out comedy of that period, Expresso Bongo (1959) has a satirical edge and a realist bite, detailing the nascent pop music business in Soho, with attendant smut and silliness and a young Cliff Richard (as “Bongo Herbert”) gamely trashing his own career.

Laurence Harvey patterned his performance as a hustling Soho pop star manager on the very, very Jewish delivery of writer Wolf Mankiewicz, and Guest delivers a sort of comedic, Semitic take on The Sweet Smell of Success (1958), with added musical numbers and striptease. It’s aggressively energetic stuff, with sidestreets and strip joints funnelled through a roving b&w Dyaliscope lens to jangly jazz and pop accompaniments.

It’s perhaps regrettable that Guest diluted his prolific output with comedian vehicles which usually lacked the ambition and punch (and budgets) of his serious work: even as late as 1960 he attempted to revive the Crazy Gang (a bunch of interchangeable zanies from the war years) in Life is a Circus. But the restlessly versatile filmmaker perhaps required this variety to keep up his enthusiasm.

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Hell is a City (1960) is perhaps Guest’s finest film, a gritty cop thriller with an unusual regional setting. The later social realist principles are not in play yet, so despite the Manchester setting the film is devoid of authentic accents, probably out of fear that Americans (or Londoners) wouldn’t understand them, and the casting of American B-lister John Crawford as a local gangster kicks another hole in the authenticity. But Stanley Baker is wonderfully tough and bitter as detective antihero Harry Martineau – novelist Maurice Procter, an ex-policeman, wrote a whole series about this character and it would be typical of Guest to consider the potential for a franchise, which alas never happened.

In 1960 Guest also made the interesting but frustrating psycho-thriller The Full Treatment (AKA Stop Me Before I Kill), a variant on The Hands of Orlac in which a racing driver with serious concussion finds himself compelled to strangle his wife whenever he’s sexually aroused. Guest, a beret-wearing songwriter, has a surprising interest in toxic masculinity in all its manifestations. Here, the protagonist’s plight is worsened by his alcoholism, jealousy, aggression, and violent resistance to seeking any kind of help. This makes the film a pretty frustrating watch, with Ronald Lewis alienating in the lead role where someone like Stanley Baker might have somehow evoked a touch of sympathy. Diane Cilento as his wife is expected to submit good-naturedly to her regular throttlings, while Claude Dauphin is a shrink about whose intentions we are never quite sure. There are some wacky stylistic touches including a psychiatrist’s couch scene filmed in subjective camera: zip pans from wall to ceiling. Hitchcock and Clouzot are clear influences, but Guest’s overall style is more relaxed.

Guest’s thrillers continued strongly into the sixties until the chaos of Casino Royale (1967) and the distraction of television and smut diverted this skilled but scattershot filmmaker: his only interest in When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth (1970) seems to have been chasing the supporting cavegirls. A fascinating and distinctive filmmaker at his best: if only he’d concentrated on his strengths.