How the British tried to keep the Russians out of India (VIDEO) Gateway to Russia Jul 14 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/253121-british-russians-out-of-india-video In the 19th century, both the British and Russian empires entered the 'Great Game' for Central Asia. Find out what went down and how it ended in our video...!

Whatever happened to the USSR's only nuclear-powered spy ship? Boris Egorov Jul 15 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/253169-whatever-happened-to-the-ussrs-only-nuclear-powered-spy-ship The unique ‘Ural’ was launched in 1983, but was commissioned only six years later, just before the collapse of the Soviet Union.

10 MYSTICAL places in Moscow (PHOTOS) Natalya Kochetkova Jul 14 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/253130-10-mystical-places-in-moscow-photos The imagination of city residents and the tragic events of the past have given birth to dozens of magical and "sinister" places. Legends and superstitions are an integral part of urban folklore, which brings the concrete jungle to life, imbuing it with character and mystery. Behind the grand facades and bustling avenues of Moscow lie hidden places where time flows differently and the past constantly makes its presence felt.

How Peter the Great established a medal ‘FOR DRUNKENNESS’! Gateway to Russia Jul 14 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/253157-peter-great-medal-for-drunkenness This is a “medal” you wouldn’t like to win! It was a heavy metal collar with a cast-iron star weighing 7 kg and was given to hardcore drunkards and alcoholics. And it had to be worn for an entire week!

5 HIDDEN attractions in St. Petersburg (PHOTOS) Anna Popova Jul 15 2026 Travel

5 HIDDEN attractions in St. Petersburg (PHOTOS) Anna Popova Jul 15 2026 Travel The northern capital isn't just the Hermitage, the Summer Garden and the ‘Kunstkamera’. The city has many hidden treasures worth exploring.

The Soviets changed a giant construction project because of THIS church Alexandra Guzeva Jul 15 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/253199-soviets-saved-uglich-church The Uglich hydroelectric power station ended up being built in a different place than originally planned! And all because of a church. In the 1930s, a hydroelectric power station was planned to be built along the Volga River in the town of Uglich. Several monasteries and churches had to be demolished, while others ended up in the resulting flood zone.

How Tolstoy argued with Dostoevsky in his novel ‘Resurrection’ Natalya Kochetkova Jul 16 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/253262-how-tolstoy-argued-with-dostoevsky-in-his-novel-resurrection Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoevsky never had the opportunity to meet in person. But, Tolstoy read his colleague's works carefully and thoughtfully. His personal library contained copies of ‘Crime and Punishment’ and ‘The Brothers Karamazov’ with numerous annotations and he repeatedly returned to them in his diaries and letters. For example, he called the opening chapters of ‘Crime and Punishment’ a masterpiece, though this did not prevent him from immediately criticising them for stylistic sloppiness and psychological artificiality. Tolstoy experienced Dostoevsky's death as a personal loss, calling him "the closest, dearest and most important person".

How a Russian scientist fought racism Boris Egorov Jul 17 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/253326-how-a-russian-scientist-fought-racism Miklouho-Maclay categorically opposed the theory of the inequality of human races, which was popular in the second half of the 19th century. The distinguished Russian ethnographer, anthropologist and explorer Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay dedicated his life to studying the indigenous populations of Australia and Oceania, paying particular attention to the Papuans of New Guinea. He described their customs, traditions and material culture in detail, revealing an island that was virtually unknown to Europeans.

Martyrs of Alapayevsk: How Nicholas II's relatives were executed Alexandra Guzeva Jul 17 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/253328-alapayevsk-romanov-murder Everyone knows how the life of the last Russian emperor ended. However, another tragedy is less well known. On the night of July 17, 1918, Nicholas II, along with his wife, children, pets and accompanying servants, were executed in the basement of a house in Yekaterinburg.

A VISUAL history of 17th-century Russia (PICS) Boris Egorov May 28 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/250317-a-visual-history-of-17th-century-russia-pics See how artists depicted key events in Russian history during this century – from the turbulent and bloody ‘Time of Troubles’ to the early years of Tsar Peter I.

A VISUAL history of 19th-century Russia (PICS) Boris Egorov Jun 11 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/251069-a-visual-history-of-19th-century-russia-pics From the assassination of Paul I and the Napoleonic Wars to the reign of Alexander III, known as the ‘Tsar-Peacemaker’.

How did the Soviets manage to down 100s of American spy balloons? (VIDEO) Gateway to Russia Jun 16 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/251331-american-spy-balloons-shot The Cold War was a fun time for both Soviets and Americans as the two were playing whack-a-mole with spy balloons: the US would send hundreds of them in the direction of the USSR, flying thousands of miles and photographing our strategic objects. Then, we figured out a creative way to spot them!

What was going on in Russia during the reign of Cardinal Richelieu? Boris Egorov Jul 08 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/252806-what-was-going-on-in-russia-during-the-reign-of-cardinal-richelieu Russia had only just recovered from the grave consequences of the ‘Time of Troubles’. It was ready to reclaim lost lands and acquire new ones.

5 LATEST Russian historical movies Boris Egorov May 14 2026 History

https://www.gw2ru.com/history/249604-5-latest-russian-historical-movies World War II remains the dominant theme in Russian historical cinema. In 2026, directors turned to the story of celebrated ace pilot Lidiya Litvyak and hunter Matvey Kuzmin, who led a German detachment into a trap, among others.

35 motivating quotes from Russian classics about life Gateway to Russia Jan 11 2023 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/3609-russian-writers-motivating-quotes These are some of the most striking quotes from the works of classics and modern authors that’ll make you look at life, love - and maybe even yourselves - from a different angle!

7 historical productions of the Bolshoi Theater still performed today Anna Sorokina Anna Sorokina Mar 28 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/247127-historical-productions-bolshoi-theater The story of the legendary theatre began in 1776. Seven masterpieces – seven key milestones of this journey. A failure that became a symbol. A ballet that broke stereotypes. An opera that was not expected on the grand stage.

'Gateway to Russia' launches a curated content hub of Russian books & films in English Elena Gorkovenko Feb 03 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/244518-gateway-to-russia-content-hub-books-films-english A single entry point for classics that are otherwise scattered online – clearly categorized, explained and easy to navigate. ‘Gateway to Russia’ has launched a new curated content hub that brings together Russian classic literature in English and movies with English subtitles. The selected titles are currently free to read and watch via the official sources we provide links to. We do not host or distribute the books or movies ourselves. Instead, we provide a single, clearly structured entry point with categorization, brief annotations and viewing/reading recommendations – so content that’s otherwise scattered online is easier to find in one place.

Why the Soviets were obsessed with ‘FATTY’ literary magazines Alexandra Guzeva Apr 28 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/248830-soviet-fat-literary-magazines Literary magazines were a completely unique cultural phenomenon of immense significance in Soviet Russia. Literally the entire country read them and being published in them promised the author almost guaranteed fame and glory.

How did Russian & Soviet writers imagine the FUTURE? (PICS) Natalya Kochetkova Apr 20 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/248486-how-did-russian-and-soviet-writers-imagine-the-future-pics Predictions aren't limited to astrologers and tarot readers. The following writers also loved to peer into a "crystal ball". Russian writers can be broadly divided into "optimists" and "pessimists". The former envisioned a future of technological progress, social harmony and the flourishing of the individual. The latter saw the same, but with a negative twist.

5 major works by Mikhail Bulgakov Natalya Kochetkova May 15 2026 Culture

https://www.gw2ru.com/arts/249680-5-major-works-by-mikhail-bulgakov He was a doctor by profession, but became a classic writer of Russian literature.

When brands become words: 10 U.S. classics Published on May 7, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/When-brands-become-words-10-US-classics?x_title=0&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-20260716 Some 20th-century inventions solved real problems of everyday life, and their stories are just as surprising: like Band-Aid helping soldiers during World War II, or the Jacuzzi being created to relieve arthritis pain. Over time, many of these products became so popular that their brand names turned into everyday words. Here are 10 brand names that became everyday words.

“He was defeated by his own Bad Planning”: A Reappraisal of Baduila’s Generalship and Statecraft, in M.E. Stewart (ed.), Portraits of Generalship and Authority in the Age of Justinian, London – New York 2026, pp. 142-163 Marco Cristini

https://www.academia.edu/170212496/_He_was_defeated_by_his_own_Bad_Planning_A_Reappraisal_of_Baduila_s_Generalship_and_Statecraft_in_M_E_Stewart_ed_Portraits_of_Generalship_and_Authority_in_the_Age_of_Justinian_London_New_York_2026_pp_142_163

Mining matters: Coloniality and the politics of the sustainable energy transition Cristobal Bonelli Mining matters: Coloniality and the politics of the sustainable energy transition

https://www.academia.edu/170245408/Mining_matters_Coloniality_and_the_politics_of_the_sustainable_energy_transition?email_work_card=title Contemporary talk of sustainable energy transitions, green technologies, or green energy evokes environmentally friendly, benign and forward-looking policy and practice. Typically, such imaginations of a greener energy future avoid mention of the raw mineral realities of mining. To question these dominant policy framings, we use the analytical lens of coloniality to examine continuities, ruptures and expansions of extractive practices on different scales. Our contention is this: Today, long after European colonial rule officially ended, colonial logics and power asymmetries continue to shape mining practices and their afterlives in different parts of the world, and these are evident in Europe's ongoing push towards sustainable energy technologies. We trace the operations of coloniality on different temporal and/or geographical scales and extend our interest to material politics of mining matters. In this way, we contribute to building a historically informed critique of how coloniality has and continues to frame a seemingly inevitable expansion of mining endeavorsnow purportedly in the service of greater environmental goods. This lets us problematize redemptive ideas of 'transitioning' societies towards green technologies and opens a space to challenge expansionist imaginations of mining futures and their uneven geographies.

The Day After: Six Post-War Challenges for Ukraine Andreas Umland 2026, European Policy Institute in Kyiv

https://www.academia.edu/170245244/The_Day_After_Six_Post_War_Challenges_for_Ukraine?email_work_card=title

In memoriam Mario König (1947-2019): Der leichtfüssige Langstreckenläufer in der Landschaft der Geschichte Jakob Tanner Jakob Tanner, In memoriam Mario König (1947-2019): Der leichtfüssige Langstreckenläufer in der Landschaft der Geschichte, in: traverse. Zeitschrift für Geschichte, 2019_2, S. 118-123.

https://www.academia.edu/170245028/In_memoriam_Mario_K%C3%B6nig_1947_2019_Der_leichtf%C3%BCssige_Langstreckenl%C3%A4ufer_in_der_Landschaft_der_Geschichte?email_work_card=title Nachruf auf Mario König (1947-2019): Würdigung eines wichtigen Historikers und Erinnerungen an einen guten Freund. Obituary for Mario König (1947-2019): A Tribute to an Important Historian and Remembering a Good Friend.

Geschichte und Kritik des ‘Bodenmarktes’ in der Schweiz Jakob Tanner Jakob Tanner, Geschichte und Kritik des ‘Bodenmarktes’ in der Schweiz, in: Ruth Gurny et al. Hg.: Boden, Wohnen, Leben. Markt, Profit und Gegenwehr im Fall nicht vermehrbarer Güter (Denknetz-Jahrbuch 2022), Zürich: edition 8, 2022, S. 13-24.

https://www.academia.edu/92206514/Geschichte_und_Kritik_des_Bodenmarktes_in_der_Schweiz?email_work_card=title The article highlights how land in Switzerland has been integrated into market-price mechanisms since the 18th century. Since land is a "fictitious commodity" (Karl Polanyi), this commodification and commercialization was politically hard-fought, which is shown by numerous examples. Especially in spatial and land-use planning issues, semi-direct democracy repeatedly proved to be over-braked, limiting political decision-making opportunities. From a historical perspective, the article develops suggestions on how the market and private property could be put in check in land policy disputes. Der Artikel zeigt auf, wie der Boden in der Schweiz seit dem 18. Jahrhundert in Markt-Preis-Mechanismen integriert wurde. Da Boden eine "fiktive Ware" (Karl Polanyi) ist, war diese Kommodifizierung und Kommerzialisierung politisch hart umkämpft, was an zahlreichen Beispielen aufgezeigt wird. Gerade in raumplanerischen Fragen erwies sich die halbdirekte Demokratie immer wieder als überbremst, was politische Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten einschränkte. Aus einer historischen Perspektive entwickelt der Beitrag Vorschläge, wie Markt und Privateigentum in bodenpolitischen Auseinandersetzungen in die Schranken gewiesen werden könnten.

Aschenzeit. Eine Erdgeschichte des frühen Mittelalters. 500-1000 Johannes Preiser-Kapeller 2026

https://www.academia.edu/170213640/Aschenzeit_Eine_Erdgeschichte_des_fr%C3%BChen_Mittelalters_500_1000?email_work_card=title Monograph, to be published with Kohlhammer Verlag in autumn 2026, see https://shop.kohlhammer.de/aschenzeit-43162.html#147=19 War das Frühmittelalter doch ein dunkles Zeitalter? Mehrfach trübten nach großen Vulkanausbrüchen Aschewolken die Atmosphäre in weiten Teilen des Globus. Klimatische Schwankungen führten zu Naturkatastrophen, Ernteausfällen und Hungersnöten - und begünstigten den Ausbruch der ersten großen Pestpandemie. Verunsichert durch das Nahen diverser Jahrtausendwenden befürchteten manche den Anbruch der Endzeit. Der Autor beleuchtet auf der Grundlage neuer naturwissenschaftlicher Daten den geophysikalischen, klimatischen und epidemiologischen Hintergrund dieser Phänomene und rekonstruiert mit historischen und archäologischen Befunden ihren Einfluss auf die Gesellschaften dieser Zeit und die Deutungen dieser Extremereignisse durch die Zeitgenossen. Die "Aschenzeit" erweist sich als eine Epoche der Unruhe, die nicht nur durch den Zusammenbruch von etablierten Ordnungen, sondern enorme Mobilität und Anpassungsfähigkeit gekennzeichnet war - weit über Europa hinaus

Between Historiography and Natural Sciences: Extreme Events and their Interpretations Johannes Preiser-Kapeller

https://www.academia.edu/170213447/Between_Historiography_and_Natural_Sciences_Extreme_Events_and_their_Interpretations?email_work_card=title Lecture for the Byzantine Greek Summer School 2026 at the University of Vienna, organised by Cosimo Paravano and John Kee, based on the reading of the students of the relevant passages from the Chronographia of Theophanes Confessor and the Histories of Gregoras and John Kantakuzenos.

Las representaciones de los dioses en el Tonalámatl de Aubin: normas y variantes, en Tonalámatl de Aubin: Nuevos estudios sobre un Códice Adivinatorio, Guilhem Olivier & Baltazar Brito (coords.), IIH, UNAM, INAH, 2025, pp. 139-151. Guilhem Olivier

https://www.academia.edu/170194039/Las_representaciones_de_los_dioses_en_el_Tonal%C3%A1matl_de_Aubin_normas_y_variantes_en_Tonal%C3%A1matl_de_Aubin_Nuevos_estudios_sobre_un_C%C3%B3dice_Adivinatorio_Guilhem_Olivier_and_Baltazar_Brito_coords_IIH_UNAM_INAH_2025_pp_139_151?email_work_card=title Este capítulo analiza las representaciones de las deidades en el Tonalámatl de Aubin mediante un estudio comparativo con los principales códices adivinatorios del centro de México, entre ellos los códices Borgia, Vaticano B, Borbónico, Telleriano-Remensis y Vaticano A. Partiendo de la premisa de que las normas iconográficas de las deidades mesoamericanas admitían importantes variaciones, se examinan los procesos de sustitución, fusión y transformación de atributos divinos en el contexto de las trecenas del tonalpohualli. El análisis demuestra que el Tonalámatl de Aubin constituye un testimonio excepcional por la riqueza y originalidad de sus variantes iconográficas, las cuales revelan estrechas relaciones entre distintas deidades, así como la flexibilidad y el dinamismo del pensamiento religioso mesoamericano. El estudio presta especial atención a los cambios en los atavíos, los atributos compartidos y las asociaciones simbólicas entre divinidades como Tezcatlipoca, Quetzalcóatl, Tlaloc, Tlazoltéotl, Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli, Mixcóatl, Mictlantecuhtli e Itztlacoliuhqui, mostrando cómo la identidad de los dioses se define dentro de una compleja red de relaciones y funciones rituales más que por atributos fijos. De esta manera, el capítulo propone una lectura estructural e histórica del panteón mesoamericano y aporta nuevos elementos para comprender la lógica interna de los manuscritos adivinatorios y de la religión del México antiguo.

Con Baltazar Brito (coords.), Introducción, en Tonalámatl de Aubin: Nuevos estudios sobre un Códice Adivinatorio, IIH, UNAM, INAH, 2025, pp. 13-20. Guilhem Olivier

https://www.academia.edu/170193979/Con_Baltazar_Brito_coords_Introducci%C3%B3n_en_Tonal%C3%A1matl_de_Aubin_Nuevos_estudios_sobre_un_C%C3%B3dice_Adivinatorio_IIH_UNAM_INAH_2025_pp_13_20?email_work_card=title El presente volumen reúne un conjunto de estudios interdisciplinarios dedicados al Tonalámatl de Aubin, uno de los manuscritos adivinatorios más relevantes del México central. La obra ofrece una revisión integral del códice mediante el diálogo entre la historia, la etnohistoria, la arqueología, la historia del arte, la conservación, el análisis de materiales y la iconografía, con el propósito de profundizar en su origen, manufactura, cronología, contenido ritual y contexto cultural. Los capítulos presentan investigaciones inéditas sobre los soportes y pigmentos empleados en su elaboración, las técnicas pictóricas, la organización temporal del Tonalámatl, la identificación de deidades y complejos iconográficos, así como el estudio comparativo de sus representaciones con otros códices mesoamericanos. Asimismo, se examina el manuscrito dentro de la tradición de los libros adivinatorios del Posclásico y del periodo colonial temprano, abordando los procesos de continuidad y transformación de las prácticas rituales indígenas. El volumen incorpora, además, una edición facsimilar del códice, poniendo a disposición de la comunidad académica una herramienta fundamental para futuras investigaciones. En conjunto, esta obra constituye una aportación significativa al conocimiento de los sistemas calendáricos, las prácticas adivinatorias y la religión mesoamericana, al tiempo que renueva la discusión sobre la historia, función y significado del Tonalámatl de Aubin dentro del corpus de los manuscritos pictográficos del México antiguo.

Les "Gaures" zoroastriens chez Gabriel de Chinon Samra Azarnouche

https://www.academia.edu/40784242/Les_Gaures_zoroastriens_chez_Gabriel_de_Chinon?rhid=41429385170&swp=rr-rw-wc-1486260&nav_from=5afab258-3f7d-4f00-a729-c039712a7b37

Ferrin - Fes - le mysticisme et l'Islam Emilio Gonzalez-Ferrin

https://www.academia.edu/37168220/Ferrin_Fes_le_mysticisme_et_lIslam?rhid=41429385170&swp=rr-rw-wc-1486260&nav_from=664ceda4-6a11-4a0c-9d49-6170d0f11bce

Les arts somptuaires d'Extrême-Orient Musée royal de Mariemont

https://www.academia.edu/36059181/Les_arts_somptuaires_dExtr%C3%AAme_Orient?rhid=41429404668&swp=rr-rw-wc-10432955&nav_from=14c671a4-9030-4a7d-849c-01549446e4e2

DANS LE SECRET DES DIEUX Une esquisse de la figure du maître en Extrême-Orient Catherine Choron-baix

https://www.academia.edu/10432955/DANS_LE_SECRET_DES_DIEUX_Une_esquisse_de_la_figure_du_ma%C3%AEtre_en_Extr%C3%AAme_Orient?rhid=41429385170&swp=rr-rw-wc-1486260&nav_from=397677a9-ccbe-46ff-8c17-292872d7a9a7 Rédaction 1991 Référence de publication : Catherine Choron-Baix, « Dans le secret des dieux . Une esquisse de la figure du maître en Extrême-Orient », Textes d'anthropologie urbaine offerts à Jacques Gutwirth, réunis par Colette Pétonnet et Yves Delaporte, Paris, L'Harmattan (Connaissance des hommes), 1993, pp. 157-166. ISBN2738422403. Notice sommaire en ligne oai:halshs.ccsd.cnrs.fr:halshs-00003996_v1 URL http://halshs.ccsd.cnrs.fr/halshs-00003996] Catherine Choron-Baix (1993)

Un "Ghost-God" dans la tradition zoroastrienne Jean Kellens

https://www.academia.edu/1486260/Un_Ghost_God_dans_la_tradition_zoroastrienne?rhid=41429370960&swp=rr-rw-wc-4762400&nav_from=a109a9c6-77e8-432c-af2d-b85d0bc02a4e Le dieu airiiaman ne se manifeste pas beaucoup dans l'Avesta. On consid~re traditionnellement que la pri~re dairiiSrn~ t~ii6 du Y 54,1 lui est d6di~e et que le V 22 montre l'aide qu'il fournit ~ Ahura Mazd~ pour l'aider ~i ~liminer les maladies dont Ar/ra Mainiiu accable le monde. C'est peu et c'est h6t6rog+ne: une pri6re en dialecte gathique compose l'image d'un dieu du corps social, un texte tardif et maladroit conte la 16gende d'un gu6risseur divin. Or, ce dernier t6moignage est sans valeur. I1 est clair qu'il ne met pas en sc6ne un dieu airiiaman comme tel, mais la personnification de la pri~re du Y 54,1. Apr~s les V20 et 21, qui traitent de la gu6rison par les plantes, le V22 est consacr6 fi la m6decine de premiere fonction, celle qui gu6rit par la r6citation des formules sacr6es et, plus particuli~rement, de la pri6re d airiigmd igiiO.1 Le V 22,6 mentionne clairement la strophe elle-m~me: paiti ahmdi auua~ata mqtgr6 spantO yO a~.xVaran~ 'la strophe sainte, qui a beaucoup de gloire, lui r6pondit'. De la m6me mani~re, airiiamanam, faisant r6f6rence aux divers types de m6decine, est attest6 au Yt 3,5 et d~fini comme mqOranqrn bae-gazam et mqOranqm bae-~aziiO, tamam 'gu6risseur d'entre les strophes, le plus gu6risseur d'entre les strophes'. Lorsque le V 20,12 (= V 21,21, V 22,24), jouant sur l'ambigui't6 de la forme/antu 2, dit jan. tu dairiiSmdiJiiO vTsparn yaskamca mahrkamca 'qu'd airiiSmg iJiiO frappe route maladie et route mort', il entend par d airii~md iJiiO la pri6re du Y 54,1 et rien d'autre: le gfithisme graphique et la pr6sence de d en sont les preuves imp6rieuses. La personnification prend les dimensions d'une mise en sc+ne dramatique dans les trois phrases narratives qui structurent la r6citation des incantations contre la maladie et des 6loges de la pri~re gu6rissante:

L'existence d'un culte royal zoroastrien en perse achéménide: quelques réflexions et problèmes récurents TOUROVETS ALEXANDRE

https://www.academia.edu/4762400/Lexistence_dun_culte_royal_zoroastrien_en_perse_ach%C3%A9m%C3%A9nide_quelques_r%C3%A9flexions_et_probl%C3%A8mes_r%C3%A9curents?rhid=41429349317&swp=rr-rw-wc-49147017&nav_from=a1212e87-9e9a-4438-810a-3a37a069949c

Sanctuaires et sainteté chez les zoroastriens d'Iran, in : Revue de l'histoire des religions 2007/4 (Tome 224), p. 435-460 Anne-Sophie Vivier-Muresan

https://www.academia.edu/49147017/Sanctuaires_et_saintet%C3%A9_chez_les_zoroastriens_dIran_in_Revue_de_lhistoire_des_religions_2007_4_Tome_224_p_435_460?rhid=41429272251&swp=rr-rw-wc-26927098&nav_from=7099ccc1-2e88-4c69-a826-f1bfae6643b1 Zoroastrianism in Iran has the particularity to be marked by the existence of numerous sanctuaries and holy places where people go in pilgrimage and perform rituals which look quite similar to neighbouring Shiite practices related to the cult of saints. In this paper, we will question the pertinence of such a comparison and of the notions of “popular religion” and “syncretism” which underlie it. In this scope, we will show how these Zoroastrian practices are very tightly connected to the theological system of Zoroastrianism and reflect a completely different conception of holiness, centred on the notion of purity and very far away from the mechanisms of intercession and cult of saints. Le zoroastrisme iranien possède la particularité d’être marqué par l’existence de nombreux sanctuaires et lieux saints où les fidèles se rendent en pèlerinage et accomplissent des rituels qui peuvent en apparence sembler bien proches des pratiques chiites liées au culte des saints. Dans cet article, nous discuterons la pertinence d’un tel rapprochement et des notions de « religion populaire » et de « syncrétisme » qui le sous-tend, en montrant combien ces pratiques zoroastriennes s’articulent très étroitement au système théologique du zoroastrisme et reflètent une conception radicalement différente de la sainteté, centrée sur la notion de pureté et bien éloignée de celles de culte des saints et d’intercession.

Les « temples du feu » en Iran (VIe av. n.è. - VIIe de n.è.) Anna Delassiaz

https://www.academia.edu/26927098/Les_temples_du_feu_en_Iran_VIe_av_n_%C3%A8_VIIe_de_n_%C3%A8_?rhid=41429228749&swp=rr-rw-wc-130272339&nav_from=d7de39fb-79a7-470e-ae02-c32712da2ff0

Thèse de doctorat : Les textiles de Qumrân, Archéologie, technologie et histoire (4 avril 2004) soutenue à l'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Section des Sciences Religieuses Mireille BELIS

https://www.academia.edu/12645690/Th%C3%A8se_de_doctorat_Les_textiles_de_Qumr%C3%A2n_Arch%C3%A9ologie_technologie_et_histoire_4_avril_2004_soutenue_%C3%A0_lEcole_Pratique_des_Hautes_Etudes_Section_des_Sciences_Religieuses?rhid=41429228749&swp=rr-rw-wc-130272339&nav_from=8e2ea856-8404-4ded-a0f8-4af952b50087

La robe d’honneur (khal‘at) en Iran après la chute d’Iṣfahân (1722-1750) : formes, fonctions et symboliques Bizoirre Mélisande 2019, Parure & apparat. Orner la ville, le corps et l’animal

https://www.academia.edu/130272339/La_robe_d_honneur_khal_at_en_Iran_apr%C3%A8s_la_chute_d_Is_fah%C3%A2n_1722_1750_formes_fonctions_et_symboliques Répandue de l’Asie orientale à l’Europe depuis l’antiquité, la pratique du don de robe d’honneur constitue un élément central des rituels curiaux en Iran à la période moderne. Le khal‘at est aussi bien un marqueur d’autorité qu’un élément d’apaisement des relations sociales, fréquemment mentionné dans les sources : il est ainsi distribué au moment du nouvel an, ou en remerciement de services rendus, et peut parfois porter un message politique. En 1722, la chute de la capitale safavide, Esfahān, devant une invasion afghane, remet brutalement en cause les structures politiques de l’empire et les pratiques de gouvernement. Dans un Iran rapidement exangue du fait de la guerre, de l’émigration et des levées d’impôts, la personnalisation du pouvoir par Nāder Shāh s’oppose à l’administration pléthorique mise en place auparavant. Comment les robes d’honneur accompagnent-elles cette évolution majeure ? En nous appuyant sur les sources écrites, nous nous interrogerons tout d’abord sur les différentes circonstances dans lesquelles sont conférés les khal‘at : grandes occasions curiales, comme le couronnement de Nāder Shāh, les ambassades ou les cérémonies de nowruz, mais aussi moments spécifiquement militaires, comme les redditions de villes ou le compliment de généraux et de troupes. Nous mettrons ainsi en évidence qu’à la période moderne, la robe d’honneur constitue un langage universel, permettant de créer des liens par delà les contigences historiques, entre empires, entre communautés religieuses, entre vainqueurs et vaincus. Cette universalité s’explique en partie par la souplesse même de la notion de khal‘at. La « robe d’honneur » ne désigne pas un vêtement précis, mais un don où l’élément textile prend une part importante, qui peut être accompagné d’objets divers, notamment des armes, voire de montures harnachées, et qui donne lieu à des pratiques de vêture cérémonielle. Les descriptions textuelles, mais aussi les représentations et quelques objets conservés permettent d’appréhender la diversité de ces cadeaux, dont la forme est essentielle pour véhiculer le message du donateur au receveur. Afin d’honorer un prélat catholique arménien, Nāder Shāh fait ainsi concevoir, en dehors de toute considération religieuse, un vêtement liturgiques à images christiques, quand son prédécesseur, Shāh Tahmāsp II, avait pu humilier un général en lui envoyant des vêtements de femme. On peut alors se demander comment les souverains, dans le contexte particulier de l’Iran post-safavide, parviennent à se procurer des robes d’honneur, tant en quantité qu’en qualité. Cette dernière question peine à trouver des réponses précises, les éléments de logistique et les conditions de fabrication des textiles et autres œuvres d’art étant rarement précisés dans les sources. Quelques indices indirects permettent toutefois de proposer des pistes : réutilisation du butin, poursuite des ateliers de production à Kashān, etc.

Anónimo: Calila y Dimna Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Anónimo: Cuentos folclóricos Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Leónidas Andréiev Rusia: 1871-1919 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Roberto Arlt Argentina: 1900-1942 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Rafael Arévalo Martínez Guatemala: 1884-1975 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Guillaume Apollinaire Francés: 1880-1918 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Anónimo: Oriente Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Anónimo: Mundo árabe Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Anónimo: India Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Anónimo: China Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Anónimo: África Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Mario de Andrade Brasil: 1893-1945 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Sherwood Anderson Estados Unidos: 1876-1941 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Edmundo de Amicis Italia: 1846-1908 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Ciro Alegría Perú: 1909-1967 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Leopoldo Alas "Clarín" [Leopoldo Enrique García-Alas y Ureña] España: 1852-1901 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Ryunosuke Akutagawa Japón: 1892-1927 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Aleksandr Nikolaievich Afanasiev Rusia: 1826-1871 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Georges Simenon Bélgica: 1903-1989 Cuentos Textos digitales completos

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Bajo pena de muerte [Cuento - Texto completo.] Georges Simenon

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El caso del bulevar Beaumarchais [Cuento - Texto completo.] Georges Simenon

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Beyond the ISS: Leaders Look to the Future of Commercial LEO Platforms ++

Beyond the ISS: Leaders Look to the Future of Commercial LEO Platforms https://issnationallab.org/iss360/post-iss-leo-economy-commercial-space-stations/ June 16, 2026 • By Amelia Williamson Smith, Sr. Manager, Scientific Communications & Content This article is part of a series highlighting sessions from the ISS International Space Station National Lab track at the 2026 ASCEND conference in Washington, D.C. The ISS National Lab hosted a full day of programming highlighting advances in space-based R&D, how the ISS National Lab enables innovation in orbit, and the growing low Earth orbit (Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles. economy. By the Numbers: The ISS National Lab’s Impact on the LEO Economy https://issnationallab.org/iss360/by-the-numbers-space-research-iss-national-lab-impact/ June 17, 2026 • By Amelia Williamson Smith, Sr. Manager, Scientific Communications & Content This article is part of a series highlighting sessions from the ISS International Space Station National Lab track at the 2026 ASCEND conference in Washington, D.C. The ISS National Lab hosted a full day of programming highlighting advances in space-based R&D, how the ISS National Lab enables innovation in orbit, and the growing low Earth orbit (Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles. economy.

How ISS Research Is Shaping the Future of the LEO Economy +++

https://issnationallab.org/iss360/iss-research-commercial-leo-economy-innovation/ June 10, 2026 • By Amelia Williamson Smith, Sr. Manager, Scientific Communications & Content This article is part of a series highlighting sessions from the ISSInternational Space Station National Lab track at the 2026 ASCEND conference in Washington, D.C. The ISS National Lab hosted a full day of programming highlighting advances in space-based R&D, how the ISS National Lab enables innovation in orbit, and the growing low Earth orbit (Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles. economy. New Space Biomedical Institutes Are Using ISS Research to Advance Human Health https://issnationallab.org/iss360/space-research-iss-medicine-centers/ June 12, 2026 • By Amelia Williamson Smith, Sr. Manager, Scientific Communications & Content This article is part of a series highlighting sessions from the ISSInternational Space Station National Lab track at the 2026 ASCEND conference in Washington, D.C. The ISS National Lab hosted a full day of programming highlighting advances in space-based R&D, how the ISS National Lab enables innovation in orbit, and the growing low Earth orbit (Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles. economy. Orbital Edge Accelerator Helps Startups Turn Space R&D Into Commercial Reality https://issnationallab.org/iss360/orbital-edge-accelerator-space-startups-commercialization/ June 15, 2026 • By Amelia Williamson Smith, Sr. Manager, Scientific Communications & Content This article is part of a series highlighting sessions from the ISSInternational Space Station National Lab track at the 2026 ASCEND conference in Washington, D.C. The ISS National Lab hosted a full day of programming highlighting advances in space-based R&D, how the ISS National Lab enables innovation in orbit, and the growing low Earth orbit (Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles. economy.

A New Spin on the Adidas World Cup Ball

https://issnationallab.org/iss360/a-new-spin-on-the-adidas-world-cup-ball/ July 14, 2026 • By Ryan Reeves, ISS National Lab Deputy Chief Scientist This summer, attention across the globe has been focused on the world’s most popular sport and the ultimate competition: the 2026 FIFA World Cup. The last World Cup finals in 2022 drew more than a billion viewers worldwide. The 2026 World Cup is being hosted by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. It has been a very exciting tournament so far. However, fans may notice something interesting if they closely watch the official ball of the World Cup, the adidas Trionda. As the ball bends through the air, you may be able to detect a spin flip—physics that adidas first observed on the International Space Station (ISS International Space Station ) seven years ago.

Mogobe Ramose y el Ubuntu: la ontología africana de la existencia compartida

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/mogobe-ramose-ubuntu-ontologia-africana/ Entre las grandes aportaciones de la filosofía africana contemporánea, el pensamiento de Mogobe Ramose destaca por transformar el Ubuntu en una profunda reflexión sobre el ser, la comunidad y la existencia compartida. Su propuesta revela una ontología donde ningún individuo vive aislado, sino integrado en una red permanente de relaciones. ¿Puede esta visión transformar nuestra manera de entender la sociedad moderna? ¿Podría el Ubuntu ofrecer respuestas ante la crisis de conexión humana actual?

Lost your dog? Don't cross the border! 10 weirdest wars ever Published on August 3, 2025

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/When-a-kettle-went-to-war-and-9-other-bizarre-conflicts-in-history?x_title=2&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-race-20260713-6 Not all conflicts are fought for power or territory—some "wars" erupted over pies, buckets, and even unsuspecting animals. Human history, it seems, can be incredibly unpredictable. From bizarre misunderstandings to centuries-long stalemates over trivial disputes, here are 10 of the strangest "wars" ever fought.

10 clichés you've used for years—and the surprising stories behind them Published on June 13, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/10-cliches-youve-used-for-years-and-the-surprising-stories-behind-them?x_title=2&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-race-20260713-6 You’ve probably said or heard things like "the early bird gets the worm," or "close but no cigar," maybe without even thinking twice. They’re the kind of phrases you heard from your parents or picked up at school, and at some point, they just stuck. But here’s the thing: most people have no idea where they actually came from. English is full of these well-known sayings; clichés we repeat so often they’ve lost their punch. But the stories behind them are anything but boring. Here are 10 familiar clichés and their surprising origins.

Grandma’s secret pharmacy: 10 weird remedies that were actually effective Published on May 4, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/Grandmas-secret-pharmacy-10-weird-remedies-that-were-actually-effective?x_title=2&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-race-20260713-6 Before modern medicine, people relied on instinct, herbs, and plenty of trial and error. While many folk remedies were more superstition than science, a surprising number proved to have real medical merit. From moldy bread to leeches, these age-old treatments often concealed a trace of scientific truth beneath their folklore—and in some cases even inspired modern pharmaceuticals.

"Beam me up, Scotty" was never said: Revisiting classic TV catchphrases Published on July 13, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/Beam-me-up-Scotty-was-never-said-Revisiting-classic-TV-catchphrases Some lines are so famous that our brains can complete them after hearing the first two words. Writers and stars of some of the most successful TV shows in history made sure of that. An estimated 93 million Americans watched the finale of Cheers, and tens of millions more grew up with Star Trek and I Love Lucy. How could we not remember the words most often associated with them? There may have been a time when expressions like "Ayyyy," "D’oh!", or "Yabba dabba doo!" made no sense. But these 10 catchphrases have become cultural icons in their own right.

This is how a tiny hole in an elevator door can save your life Published on July 14, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/This-is-how-a-tiny-hole-in-an-elevator-door-can-save-your-life You’ve probably twisted a bread bag closed, filled up your car, or pulled a sheet of aluminum foil from the box thousands of times without giving it a second thought. But many of the everyday objects we’ve used for decades have clever features that most people never notice. From the tiny pocket on blue jeans to the little arrow next to your gas gauge, these hidden designs have practical stories behind them, and once you know them, you’ll never look at these familiar items the same way again.

10 characters so real, readers wanted them to exist Published on May 5, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/10-characters-so-real-readers-wanted-them-to-exist?x_title=3&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-race-20260714-0 Literature has given us characters that transcend the page, capturing imaginations and defining genres. From heroic adventurers to beloved childhood icons and cunning antiheroes, these 10 figures have left an indelible mark on readers worldwide. Each has a unique story and a lasting legacy that continues to shape culture and fiction.

Pirosomas: Las Colonias Marinas Luminosas que Parecen Criaturas Gigantes

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/pirosomas-colonias-luminosas-del-oceano-profundo/ Entre las maravillas más enigmáticas del océano abierto existen criaturas que parecen gigantescos animales luminosos, pero esconden una realidad aún más fascinante: son colonias formadas por miles de pequeños individuos unidos en una sola estructura viva. Los pirosomas flotan en la oscuridad marina como cilindros de fuego azul verdoso, revelando los secretos de la cooperación biológica, la evolución y la vida en las profundidades. ¿Cómo logran miles de organismos funcionar como un solo ser? ¿Qué misterios del océano aún permanecen ocultos?

Leche de Luna: El Misterioso Mineral Blando que Crece en las Cuevas

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/leche-de-luna-minerales-blandos-formados-en-cuevas/ Entre las profundidades silenciosas de las cuevas existe un material blanco, blando y aparentemente sencillo que ha desconcertado a científicos durante siglos. La leche de luna no solo desafía las teorías clásicas sobre la formación de minerales, sino que también conecta geología, microbiología, arqueología e incluso la exploración de otros planetas. ¿Cómo puede surgir un mineral tan singular? ¿Qué secretos revela sobre la historia de la Tierra y la vida?

Criptocromos y brújulas vivas: el misterio cuántico de cómo los animales perciben la Tierra

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/criptocromos-magnetorrecepcion-brujulas-vivas-animales/ Entre los grandes enigmas de la naturaleza existe un sentido invisible que permite a numerosos animales recorrer océanos, continentes y territorios desconocidos con una precisión extraordinaria. La magnetorrecepción revela cómo criptocromos y procesos cuánticos convierten el campo magnético terrestre en información biológica. Esta capacidad desafía nuestra comprensión de la percepción y abre nuevas fronteras entre la biología, la física y la evolución. ¿Cómo funcionan realmente estas brújulas vivas? ¿Qué secretos puede revelar este sentido oculto de la naturaleza?

Costras Biológicas del Suelo: El Ecosistema Invisible que Protege los Desiertos

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/costras-biologicas-suelo-ecosistema-invisible-desiertos/ Entre los paisajes más secos y aparentemente desolados del planeta existe un universo diminuto lleno de vida. Las costras biológicas del suelo transforman superficies desnudas en ecosistemas activos donde cianobacterias, líquenes, musgos y hongos regulan procesos esenciales para la naturaleza. Estas comunidades invisibles estabilizan terrenos, almacenan carbono y protegen contra la degradación ambiental. ¿Qué secretos esconden estos pequeños ecosistemas bajo nuestros pies? ¿Podremos conservarlos antes de que desaparezcan?

Anammox: La Revolución Microbiana que Elimina Nitrógeno sin Oxígeno

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/proceso-anammox-eliminacion-biologica-nitrogeno-sin-oxigeno/ Entre los descubrimientos más sorprendentes de la microbiología moderna destaca el proceso anammox, una ruta metabólica capaz de eliminar nitrógeno sin consumir oxígeno y que transformó la comprensión del ciclo del nitrógeno. Gracias a estas bacterias excepcionales, hoy es posible desarrollar sistemas de tratamiento de aguas más eficientes, económicos y sostenibles. ¿Cómo logran este proceso único? ¿Por qué su impacto es tan importante para el futuro ambiental?

Salpas y bomba de carbono: los pequeños organismos que alimentan el equilibrio del océano

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/salpas-plancton-gelatinoso-exporta-carbono-abismo-oceanico/ Entre las corrientes oceánicas existe un mundo invisible donde diminutos organismos gelatinosos cumplen una misión planetaria. Las salpas, integrantes del plancton marino, capturan carbono en la superficie y lo transportan hacia las profundidades mediante sus restos orgánicos, ayudando a regular el clima de la Tierra. Su papel revela una conexión sorprendente entre la vida microscópica y el equilibrio global. ¿Podrían estos seres ser aliados clave contra el cambio climático? ¿Qué otros secretos esconde el océano profundo?

Vampyroteuthis infernalis: el sorprendente cefalópodo que habita las profundidades sin oxígeno

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/vampyroteuthis-infernalis-calamar-vampiro-zonas-minimo-oxigeno/ Entre la oscuridad permanente de las profundidades oceánicas habita un animal que desafía las reglas de la biología al sobrevivir donde casi ninguna otra especie puede hacerlo. Vampyroteuthis infernalis ha desarrollado adaptaciones únicas que le permiten prosperar en ambientes con niveles mínimos de oxígeno, convirtiéndose en uno de los organismos más fascinantes del océano profundo. ¿Cómo logró evolucionar para vivir en condiciones tan extremas? ¿Qué puede revelar sobre los límites de la vida en la Tierra?

Watsuji Tetsurō y el aidagara: la filosofía de existir entre personas y lugares

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/watsuji-tetsuro-aidagara-existencia-clima-y-lugar/?jetpack_skip_subscription_popup Entre personas, paisajes y culturas emerge una forma distinta de comprender la existencia humana: la filosofía de Watsuji Tetsurō revela que el individuo nunca está aislado, sino inmerso en una red de relaciones, clima y territorio. Su concepto de aidagara transforma la manera de pensar la ética, la identidad y nuestro vínculo con el mundo. ¿Puede el ser humano comprenderse fuera de sus relaciones? ¿Qué revela nuestro entorno sobre quiénes somos?

Arrecifes de esponjas de vidrio: las ciudades vivas del océano profundo canadiense

Arrecifes de esponjas de vidrio: las ciudades vivas del océano profundo canadiense https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/arrecifes-esponjas-vidrio-fondo-marino-canadiense/ Entre las profundidades frías del Pacífico canadiense existe un mundo silencioso donde antiguas formas de vida construyen auténticas ciudades submarinas. Los arrecifes de esponjas de vidrio, supervivientes de eras geológicas remotas, revelan una arquitectura biológica única capaz de sostener comunidades enteras de organismos marinos. Su descubrimiento cambió la visión científica sobre la evolución oceánica y plantea un desafío urgente: ¿podremos proteger estos ecosistemas milenarios? ¿Qué secretos aún esconden bajo las aguas profundas?

McConnell, J. et al. (2025). Pan-European atmospheric lead pollution, enhanced blood lead levels, and cognitive decline from Roman-era mining and smelting Andrew Wilson 2025, McConnell, J. R., Chellman, N., Plach, A., Wensman, S. M., Plunkett, G., Stohl, A., Smith, N.-K., Vinther, B. M., Dahl-Jensen, D., Steffensen, J. P., Fritzsche, D., Brugger, S. O., McDonald, B. T., and Wilson, A. I. (2025). ‘Pan-European atmospheric lead pollution, enhanced blood lead levels, and...

https://www.academia.edu/170140445/McConnell_J_et_al_2025_Pan_European_atmospheric_lead_pollution_enhanced_blood_lead_levels_and_cognitive_decline_from_Roman_era_mining_and_smelting?email_work_card=title The detrimental effects of modern lead exposure on human health are widely recognized. Evidence from the Roman era indicates substantial lead exposure that potentially impacted human health more than 2,000 y ago. The most significant exposure for the rural, non-elite population may have been to background air pollution from silver mining and smelting that underpinned the Roman economy. Using detailed records of Roman-era lead pollution measured in Arctic ice cores and atmospheric modeling, we show that lead emissions from these activities elevated air concentrations throughout Europe. Based on modern epidemiological studies, this air pollution enhanced childhood blood lead levels (BLLs) by about 2.4 µg/dl leading to widespread cognitive decline including an estimated 2.5-to-3 point reduction in intelligence quotient.

(With Enrico Cioni, Jenny Reddish & John Baines), «Egypt». In: Jennifer Larson, Jenny Reddish & Peter Turchin (eds.), Seshat History of Moralizing Religion, vol. 2, Beresta Books, Chaplin, CT, 2025, pp. 67-90. Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia

https://www.academia.edu/170105002/_With_Enrico_Cioni_Jenny_Reddish_and_John_Baines_Egypt_In_Jennifer_Larson_Jenny_Reddish_and_Peter_Turchin_eds_Seshat_History_of_Moralizing_Religion_vol_2_Beresta_Books_Chaplin_CT_2025_pp_67_90?email_work_card=title

Los hermanos Baschet y la revolución de la escultura sonora participativa

Entre el arte, la ciencia y la música surgió una de las propuestas más innovadoras del siglo XX: las esculturas sonoras de François y Bernard Baschet, capaces de convertir el metal en vibración, el sonido en experiencia colectiva y al público en protagonista de la creación artística. Su legado continúa inspirando museos, artistas y educadores de todo el mundo. ¿Cómo lograron cambiar la relación entre el espectador y la obra? ¿Por qué su influencia sigue creciendo? https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/hermanos-baschet-escultura-sonora-participativa-arte-acustico/

Ynes Mexia: la botánica que conquistó la ciencia después de los cincuenta

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/ynes-mexia-botanica-exploradora-americana/ Entre las grandes historias de la ciencia destaca la extraordinaria trayectoria de Ynes Mexia, una mujer que inició su carrera botánica cuando muchos consideran que ya es tarde para comenzar. Con valentía, disciplina y una pasión inquebrantable por la naturaleza, recorrió territorios extremos de América y reunió miles de especímenes que cambiaron el conocimiento de la flora mundial. ¿Cómo logró convertirse en una científica reconocida sin una formación académica tradicional? ¿Qué secretos revela hoy su legado?

Milunka Savić: la mujer que desafió los límites de la guerra y el género

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/milunka-savic-combatiente-serbia-mas-condecorada/ Entre las páginas más sorprendentes de la historia militar europea emerge Milunka Savić, una campesina serbia que desafió las normas de su tiempo para convertirse en una de las combatientes más valientes y condecoradas de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Su vida representa una lucha contra los límites impuestos por la sociedad, el género y la tradición. ¿Cómo logró conquistar un lugar en un ejército que prohibía a las mujeres combatir? ¿Por qué su legado sigue inspirando generaciones?

Tupaia: el genio polinesio que guió a Cook por los secretos del Pacífico

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/tupaia-navegante-cartografo-pacifico-siglo-xviii/ Entre las voces más fascinantes de la exploración del Pacífico emerge Tupaia, un sacerdote polinesio cuya sabiduría ancestral desafió la visión europea del océano como un territorio desconocido. Navegante experto, cartógrafo y mediador cultural, su conocimiento permitió conectar pueblos, culturas y expediciones científicas en el siglo XVIII. ¿Cómo logró dominar rutas oceánicas inmensas sin instrumentos europeos? ¿Por qué su legado permaneció oculto durante tanto tiempo?

Brinicles: cómo se forman los misteriosos dedos de hielo del océano

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/brinicles-dedos-de-hielo-bajo-el-mar/ Entre las maravillas más extraordinarias de los océanos polares existen estructuras de hielo capaces de descender hasta el fondo marino, congelando todo lo que encuentran a su paso. Los brinicles combinan física, oceanografía y biología en un fenómeno tan raro como impresionante, cuya formación revela el delicado equilibrio de los ecosistemas helados. ¿Cómo nacen estos dedos de hielo? ¿Por qué despiertan tanto interés entre los científicos?

Xenofióforos: Las Células Gigantes que Dominan las Profundidades del Océano

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/xenofioforos-celulas-gigantes-llanuras-abisales/ Entre las regiones más desconocidas del planeta existen organismos capaces de desafiar los límites de la biología. Los xenofióforos, células gigantes que habitan las oscuras llanuras abisales, sobreviven bajo presiones extremas y sin luz solar, revelando estrategias evolutivas únicas. Estos singulares seres transforman nuestra comprensión sobre el tamaño celular, la adaptación y la importancia de los ecosistemas profundos. ¿Qué otros secretos esconden las profundidades oceánicas? ¿Hasta dónde puede llegar la capacidad de adaptación de la vida?

Uroš Matić Karl-Franzens-University of Graz, Department of Classics / Ancient History, Adjunct University of Münster, Institute for Egyptology and Coptic Studies, Faculty Member

https://kfunigraz.academia.edu/Uro%C5%A1Mati%C4%87

Theory in Egyptology Anatomy of a Discipline by Uroš Matić, Ludwig Maximilian University/Barnard College, Columbia University

Theory in Egyptology Anatomy of a Discipline by Uroš Matić, Ludwig Maximilian University/Barnard College, Columbia University https://www.equinoxpub.com/projects/theory-in-egyptology Egyptology is in wider archaeological and historical context known as a discipline which more often than not lacks reflection on its theoretical and methodological background. Although several volumes which critically deal with the research history in Egyptology have appeared in the last few decades, a comprehensive study on the conditions of knowledge about ancient Egypt is still missing. There are several edited volumes and monographs which deal with theory in archaeology and history, however, Egyptology is rarely discussed in these works. This is because Egyptologists rarely reflect on the ways they produce knowledge on ancient Egypt.

Pedro Paulo A . Funari Universidade Estadual de Campinas, IFCH, Faculty Member

https://unicamp.academia.edu/PedroPauloAFunari

A ORIGEM EXATA DA CONTINÊNCIA Por HUMBERTO ALIPERTI JORNALISTA HOSTINGPRESS julho 12, 2026

https://www.academia.edu/170104408/A_ORIGEM_EXATA_DA_CONTIN%C3%8ANCIA_Por_HUMBERTO_ALIPERTI_JORNALISTA_HOSTINGPRESS_julho_12_2026_Nenhum_coment%C3%A1rio_2_Mins_lidos A origem exata da continência é incerta. Sabe-se que o cumprimento é usado como sinal de respeito, sempre com caráter militar, há séculos. A teoria mais aceita é que ela tenha surgido durante a Baixa Idade Média. "O cavaleiro levantava o visor do elmo para que outra pessoa a idêntica se como amigo ou como membro do mesmo grau de cavalaria", arma o comandante Português do Brasil  Como posso te ajudar? Antônio Luiz Porto e Albuquerque, ex-professor de História Naval da Escola Naval, no Rio de Janeiro. Ainda hoje, a saudação é feita olhando para a pessoa cumprimentada, identificando a como o chapéu ou o boné na cabeça.

Elena Mazzetto UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Faculty Member

https://unam1.academia.edu/ElenaMazzetto "Quetzaltecolotl y las cuentas calendáricas: apuntes sobre la última resistencia mexica en el asedio de México-Tenochtitlan", 2026, Fronteras de la Historia, vol. 31-2, pp. 165-190. Elena Mazzetto Este trabajo está enfocado en el análisis de un acontecimiento singular que tuvo lugar durante el asedio de México-Tenochtitlan, poco antes de la derrota mexica por parte de las huestes españolas de Hernán Cortés y sus aliados indígenas. El soberano Cuauhtemoc revistió a un guerrero valiente con las insignias del búho-quetzal, Quetzaltecolotl, encomendándole espantar a sus enemigos. A partir del estudio de las fuentes documentales en las que dicha hazaña bélica está descrita, en este artículo planteo un acercamiento al protagonista de los hechos, así como al significado de su participación en un momento muy específico de la lucha. Lo anterior me llevará a proponer una lectura renovada de los objetivos bélicos mexicas, con lo cual se ampliará la perspectiva sobre las categorías de resistencia nativa. https://www.academia.edu/170056177/_Quetzaltecolotl_y_las_cuentas_calend%C3%A1ricas_apuntes_sobre_la_%C3%BAltima_resistencia_mexica_en_el_asedio_de_M%C3%A9xico_Tenochtitlan_2026_Fronteras_de_la_Historia_vol_31_2_pp_165_190

"La comida ritual en las fiestas de las veintenas mexicas: un acercamiento a su tipología y simbolismo", Amérique Latine Histoire & Mémoire, Les cahiers ALHIM [En línea], 2013, núm. 25. Elena Mazzetto

https://www.academia.edu/7332602/_La_comida_ritual_en_las_fiestas_de_las_veintenas_mexicas_un_acercamiento_a_su_tipolog%C3%ADa_y_simbolismo_Am%C3%A9rique_Latine_Histoire_and_M%C3%A9moire_Les_cahiers_ALHIM_En_l%C3%ADnea_2013_n%C3%BAm_25?email_work_card=title&li=0 En este artículo se establece un acercamiento a las diferentes tipologías de la comida ritual que se preparaba y consumía en el contexto ritual de las fiestas de las veintenas del año solar mexica. Se analizarán los contextos de utilización de la palabra tlacatlacualli, empleada para denominar las comidas elaboradas durante los periodos de ayuno ritual. Luego se estudiará el lenguaje simbólico de las ofrendas a partir de dos características significativas : el tamaño, que podía variar con base a la ceremonia, y la forma. En particular, se establecerán relaciones entre el aspecto de los alimentos y los campos de acción de sus destinatarios sobrenaturales. Por último, se abordará el análisis de las relaciones existentes entre unos alimentos específicos elaborados durante las fiestas de las veintenas y la comida preparada para los difuntos, presentando una hipótesis interpretativa que pueda explicar estas similitudes

Dignity in mental health care across Africa: a narrative review Evezi Oghene-Othuke Quao* [1]ORCID iD , Estelle Matilda Appiah [2] , Christopher Charles Mate-Kole [3,4]

https://www.academia.edu/2997-9196/3/2/10.20935/MHealthWellB8353 Mental health disorders contribute substantially to the burden of disease across Africa, yet access to timely, culturally responsive, dignified care remains limited. Dignity in mental health care encompasses respect for autonomy, human rights, cultural identity, and meaningful involvement in care decisions. This narrative review examines gaps and opportunities in the delivery of dignified mental health services across African contexts. Relevant literature published between 2010 and 2025 was identified through structured searches of PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, African Journals Online (AJOL), PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Studies addressing access, dignity, stigma, legal and policy frameworks, system reforms, cultural influences, and community involvement in mental health service delivery were included. These topics were synthesised thematically. Although not conducted as a systematic review, the search and study selection process was guided by PRISMA principles to enhance transparency and rigour. Five key domains emerged: structural and systemic barriers, including underfunding, workforce shortages, and weak governance; stigma, cultural beliefs, and social exclusion that limit help-seeking and undermine dignity; human rights concerns, including coercion, neglect, and inadequate safeguards; policy and legislative gaps, particularly weak implementation and enforcement of mental health laws; and emerging innovations such as task-shifting, digital platforms, school-based programmes, and collaboration with traditional and faith-based healers that show potential for culturally responsive, dignity-affirming care. Advancing dignified mental health care in Africa will require strengthened rights-based systems, culturally responsive service delivery, meaningful service-user involvement, sustained investment, improved governance, and more effective implementation of mental health policies. Community-based innovations offer promising pathways toward equitable, rights-based, and dignified mental health care.

Les pratiques d’enseignement en sciences humaines et sociales au primaire au Québec 25 ans après la réforme curriculaire Guilherme Moerbeck 2026, REDUFOR

https://www.academia.edu/170095693/Les_pratiques_d_enseignement_en_sciences_humaines_et_sociales_au_primaire_au_Qu%C3%A9bec_25_ans_apr%C3%A8s_la_r%C3%A9forme_curriculaire?email_work_card=title Introduction. Cet article explore les pratiques d’enseignement en sciences humaines et sociales au primaire, 25 ans après la refonte curriculaire et la réforme de la formation enseignante au Québec. Méthodologie. À travers l’analyse d’un questionnaire en ligne administré à 243 enseignantes et enseignants l’étude met en lumière les dimensions didactiques de l’enseignement en univers social. Résultats et discussion. Les résultats indiquent que les pratiques actuelles privilégient la transmission de connaissances générales en géographie et en histoire ainsi que l’apprentissage d’attitudes et de valeurs pour développer un sentiment d’appartenance chez les élèves. Bien que la démarche de recherche en histoire-géographie soit partiellement intégrée, les outils pédagogiques utilisés restent principalement axés sur les connaissances générales, avec une utilisation limitée des applications didactiques telles que les cartes mentales et les réseaux de concepts. Cette situation révèle un écart notable entre les ressources pédagogiques disponibles et les objectifs d’apprentissage visés, soulignant la nécessité d’une révision des pratiques pour mieux aligner les pratiques d’enseignement avec les orientations éducatives.

Marta Diaz-Guardamino Durham University, Archaeology, Faculty Member

https://durham.academia.edu/MartaD%C3%ADazGuardamino (2024) Bronze Age Rock Art in Iberia and Scandinavia: Words, Warriors, and Long-distance Metal Trade by Marta Diaz-Guardamino and Hannes B. Grahn

(2026) Boats on the Rocks: Late Prehistoric Nautical Iconography and Landscape, from Northwest Iberia to Scandinavia Marta Diaz-Guardamino, Boel K Bengtsson, Juan Latorre-Ruiz, Diogo Marinho 2026, PlosOne

https://www.academia.edu/167719332/_2026_Boats_on_the_Rocks_Late_Prehistoric_Nautical_Iconography_and_Landscape_from_Northwest_Iberia_to_Scandinavia This paper offers a comparative analysis of prehistoric rock art boat depictions found across northwest Iberia and southern Scandinavia. We apply advanced digital documentation techniques, including high-resolution 3D recording and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based landscape analysis, to study the Iberian petroglyphs' iconography and geographic placement in detail. The study identifies significant typological and iconographic parallels between Northwest Iberia and Nordic images, which provides a comparative basis to propose a Late Bronze Age chronology (c. 1300–800 BCE) for the Iberian examples. This shared iconography supports existing hypotheses concerning extensive long-distance connectivity and maritime trade networks across Atlantic Europe, particularly regarding the movement of metals like copper and tin. Furthermore, the GIS analysis confirms that nearly all Iberian sites, whether coastal or far inland, maintain a crucial visual or physical relationship with navigable waters, such as the ocean or major river systems. Ultimately, the authors propose that this rock art reflects both advancements in boat technology and the ritual and cosmological beliefs of maritime communities engaged in transregional exchange.

These 10 slang terms came from catchy songs. Which one is your favorite? Published on July 12, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/These-10-slang-terms-came-from-catchy-songs-Which-one-is-your-favorite Popular music can become a part of popular culture not only through the music itself but also through the introduction of a certain word or phrase into the popular lexicon. Some of the words and expressions we use and hear every day were born in hit songs. In this article, we’ll look at a few popular terms that started as music and ended up in regular conversation. Some became slang; others evolved into full-fledged dictionary entries. Is any of these part of your everyday vocabulary?

What is the longest place name in America? Meet 10 word giants Published on July 11, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/What-is-the-longest-place-name-in-America-Meet-10-word-giants In casual conversation, you’d probably never use most English words that go past 15 or 20 letters. They are usually scientific or medical terms built by stacking smaller words together. Yet, exploring these linguistic giants is a fun way to learn how our language handles specialized vocabulary. Let’s take a look at some of the longest words in the English-speaking world, starting with one so ridiculously big it stretches the definition of what a word can be. Can you guess what it is?

Do you know the fancy word for burping? 10 strange body terms Published on June 12, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/Do-you-know-the-fancy-word-for-burping-10-strange-body-terms?x_title=1&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-20260712 Some raw, blunt words dominate how we talk about yawning, burping, or throwing up. But if you dive into the historical archives of the English language, you’ll find that scholars and medical professionals have used other alternative, fancy terms derived from Latin and Greek. If you are looking to elevate your everyday vocabulary, these ten words for body functions will completely change the way you talk about your reflexes.

Why does the Baskin-Robbins logo hide a 31? 10 symbols, decoded Published on May 3, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/Why-does-the-Baskin-Robbins-logo-hide-a-31-10-symbols-decoded?x_title=2&utm_source=blog&utm_campaign=blog-20260712 Visual symbols are making a comeback. Audiences are getting better at decoding icons, which raises the bar for logos. When companies sit down to craft a good one, they must make sure it’s memorable, iconic, and simple enough for a child to draw. Of course, the best logos will also contain information about the spirit of the brands they stand for. Let’s take a look at the meanings behind some of the most interesting brand emblems.  

HEALING AFRICAN SOUNDS: Songs for Mindfulness & Inner Peace

Jovita Idar: la periodista mexicoamericana que desafió la injusticia en la frontera

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/jovita-idar-periodismo-derechos-civiles-mexicoamericano/ Entre las voces que transformaron la historia de los derechos civiles en Estados Unidos destaca Jovita Idar, una periodista y activista que convirtió la prensa en una herramienta de resistencia frente a la discriminación racial. Desde la frontera texano-mexicana defendió la educación, la identidad cultural y la igualdad de las comunidades mexicoamericanas. Su legado revela el poder del periodismo comprometido con la justicia social. ¿Cómo logró desafiar las estructuras de exclusión de su época? ¿Por qué su figura sigue siendo esencial en la memoria histórica latina?

Mary Ann Shadd Cary: la pionera afroamericana que desafió la esclavitud con periodismo y leyes

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/mary-ann-shadd-cary-activista-abolicionista-afroamericana/ Entre la esclavitud, la discriminación racial y las barreras de género del siglo XIX surgió Mary Ann Shadd Cary, una mujer que convirtió la educación, el periodismo y el derecho en armas de emancipación. Su voz cruzó fronteras para defender la libertad y la igualdad de la población afroamericana. ¿Cómo logró desafiar los límites impuestos por su época? ¿Por qué su legado sigue siendo fundamental en la historia de los derechos civiles?

Andrée Blouin: la estratega olvidada que transformó las independencias africanas

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/andree-blouin-estratega-independencias-africanas/ Entre las figuras silenciadas de la descolonización africana emerge Andrée Blouin, una estratega brillante que convirtió el dolor del colonialismo en una lucha por la libertad. Consejera de Patrice Lumumba y activista panafricanista, desafió imperios, organizó movimientos populares y defendió el papel decisivo de las mujeres en la historia africana. ¿Por qué su nombre quedó relegado durante décadas? ¿Qué revela su legado sobre las luchas de poder en África?

Nísia Floresta: la mujer que abrió el camino del feminismo en Brasil

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/nisia-floresta-feminismo-educacion-brasil-siglo-xix/ Entre las figuras más visionarias del Brasil del siglo XIX emerge Nísia Floresta, una escritora y educadora que desafió las normas de una sociedad dominada por el patriarcado. Con sus libros, escuelas y reflexiones sobre la igualdad, defendió la educación femenina como camino hacia la libertad. Su legado continúa inspirando la lucha por los derechos de las mujeres. ¿Cómo logró transformar las ideas de su época? ¿Por qué su nombre sigue siendo fundamental en la historia del feminismo?

Sarah Forbes Bonetta: la princesa yoruba que conquistó el corazón de la reina Victoria

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/sarah-forbes-bonetta-princesa-yoruba-reina-victoria/ Entre las llamas de una aldea yoruba arrasada y los salones dorados de Windsor transcurrió la vida de Aina, la niña convertida en Sarah Forbes Bonetta, ahijada de la reina Victoria. Cautiva del reino de Dahomey, ofrecida como presente real y educada después en la aristocracia británica, su historia condensa las tensiones entre esclavitud infantil, colonialismo y afecto cortesano. ¿Cómo logró escapar al sacrificio ritual que la aguardaba en la corte de Ghezo? ¿Qué significó ser princesa africana en el corazón mismo del imperio victoriano?

Tukutuku maorí: los tejidos ancestrales que narran genealogías y memoria colectiva

https://revistaliterariaelcandelabro.blog/2026/07/tukutuku-maori-paneles-tejidos-genealogias-ancestrales/ Entre fibras, patrones geométricos y memorias ancestrales, el tukutuku maorí revela un universo donde el tejido se convierte en relato, genealogía y vínculo espiritual. Estos paneles que decoran las casas de reunión de Nueva Zelanda conservan conocimientos transmitidos durante generaciones, uniendo arte, arquitectura y cosmovisión indígena. ¿Cómo lograron los maoríes transformar fibras naturales en archivos vivos de identidad? ¿Qué secretos siguen revelando sus diseños después de siglos?

Haraway: del cíborg a las especies compañeras

Haraway: del cíborg a las especies compañeras En las últimas obras de la filósofa Donna Haraway encontramos una preocupación profunda por la crisis ecosocial. En ellas Haraway desarrolla un pensamiento sobre las «especies compañeras» de los seres humanos y conceptos conocidos como «Chthuluceno» para describir el mundo en el que vivimos. Por Irene Gómez-Olano Publicado el 6 de julio de 2026 https://filco.es/donna-haraway-del-ciborg-a-las-especies-companeras/?utm_medium=email&utm_source_platform=ePigeon&utm_source=Newsletter%20-%20Filco

Haraway frente a la falsa neutralidad de la ciencia

Haraway frente a la falsa neutralidad de la ciencia Que la ciencia no es neutral es algo que han dicho multitud de autores. Pero Donna Haraway fue particularmente mordaz en su análisis de la ciencia, proponiendo que todos los conocimientos están situados, no son necesariamente falsos. Su apuesta política no pasa por construir conocimientos que se abstraigan del lugar del que se enuncian, sino de ser conscientes de ese lugar y situarlos para la emancipación. Por Irene Gómez-Olano Publicado el 6 de julio de 2026 https://filco.es/haraway-frente-a-la-falsa-neutralidad-de-la-ciencia/?utm_medium=email&utm_source_platform=ePigeon&utm_source=Newsletter%20-%20Filco

El cíborg para Donna Haraway

El cíborg para Donna Haraway El concepto de «cíborg» es uno de los más discutidos del pensamiento de Donna Haraway. Desarrollado en su «Manifiesto cíborg» de 1985, constituye un aporte teórico para el poshumanismo y el feminismo posterior. Por Irene Gómez-Olano Publicado el 6 de julio de 2026 https://filco.es/el-ciborg-para-donna-haraway/?utm_medium=email&utm_source_platform=ePigeon&utm_source=Newsletter%20-%20Filco ¿por qué es tan importante el pensamiento de Donna Haraway? En 1933, la película King Kong se estrenaba en los cines más importantes de Nueva York. La historia de un gorila gigante trasladado a la gran ciudad contra su voluntad se convertía en uno de los primeros filmes de terror de la década de los años 30 del siglo pasado. Asociamos este género con monstruos, demonios, fantasmas y criaturas fantásticas. Por eso, llama la atención que una de las primeras criaturas que poblaron las pesadillas de niños y adultos y que daría la vuelta al mundo fuera, precisamente, un primate gigante. Los primates llevaban casi medio siglo siendo motivo de enorme interés por parte de la comunidad científica. Científicos como el psicólogo y primatólogo estadounidense Robert Mearns Yerkes habían puesto en marcha, a comienzos de siglo, la disciplina de la psicobiología. Esta no estaba solo motivada por un inocente interés científico. Era la cristalización de una necesidad de conocer la mente humana para poner a funcionar un sistema de reclutamiento en base a criterios militares para la Primera Guerra Mundial. En 1991, otra primatóloga, también estadounidense, publica Mujeres, simios y cíborgs: la reinvención de la naturaleza. Su nombre es Donna Haraway, tiene 50 años y una década antes había ocupado la primera cátedra de Teoría feminista en Estados Unidos, en la Universidad de California, de la que hoy es profesora emérita. El pensamiento cíborg, su apuesta por el conocimiento situado y la crítica al humanismo son los elementos más relevantes de la propuesta de Haraway. Su obra parte de una formación interdisciplinar, entre la biología, la primatología, la historia de la ciencia, el feminismo y la crítica cultural. Desde esta ubicación híbrida cuestiona la falsa separación entre naturaleza y cultura y cuerpo y máquina. Todo ello lo recoge y explica la filósofa Irene Gómez-Olano en el dosier de este mes del portal FILOSOFÍA&CO, un dosier que nos permite conocer el recorrido y las propuestas de una de las filósofas contemporáneas más importantes para pensar el cuerpo, la ciencia, la tecnología y la emancipación. Haraway no rechaza la ciencia, sino que discute quién la produce y al servicio de qué intereses. Su pensamiento es muy útil para analizar un presente atravesado por la tecnociencia.

Donna Haraway antes del cíborg: reinvención de la naturaleza

Donna Haraway antes del cíborg: reinvención de la naturaleza Reinventar la naturaleza. Este es el ambicioso objetivo de Donna Haraway. Antes de ser una de las filósofas más citadas por su «Manifiesto cíborg», Haraway era bióloga y primatóloga y centraba algunas de sus reflexiones más interesantes en cuestiones de historia de la ciencia. Por Irene Gómez-Olano Publicado el 6 de julio de 2026 https://filco.es/la-reinvencion-de-la-naturaleza-donna-haraway/?utm_medium=email&utm_source_platform=ePigeon&utm_source=Newsletter%20-%20Filco

Visualizable Mathematical Structures: A Framework for Evaluating Mathematical Representation in Computer Graphics European Scientific Journal ESJ

https://www.academia.edu/169819606/Visualizable_Mathematical_Structures_A_Framework_for_Evaluating_Mathematical_Representation_in_Computer_Graphics The relationship between abstract mathematical structures and their graphical representation constitutes a fundamental problem in computer graphics. This paper examines the criteria that allow a mathematical structure to be transformed into a visual form while preserving its intrinsic properties. Emphasis is placed on geometric interpretation, computational realizability, and structural stability. Drawing on principles of vector geometry and spatial modeling, a coherent framework is proposed to identify visualizable structures. The paper further incorporates mathematical examples and schematic descriptions to clarify the transition from formal definition to graphical representation. The results contribute to both theoretical understanding and practical modeling methodologies.

Molnár Antal, Lauf Judit: Egy ismeretlen késő középkori obszerváns ferences formulagyűjtemény két levele. Gabriele Rangoni magyarországi működésének kezdeteihez Molnár Antal 2026, Litterae et Amicitia. Ünnepi kötet Monok István 70. születésnapjára. Szerk. Viskolcz Noémi – Zvara Edina – N. Kis Tímea – Nagy Andor. Eger–Sárospatak, 375–390

https://www.academia.edu/169875496/Moln%C3%A1r_Antal_Lauf_Judit_Egy_ismeretlen_k%C3%A9s%C5%91_k%C3%B6z%C3%A9pkori_obszerv%C3%A1ns_ferences_formulagy%C5%B1jtem%C3%A9ny_k%C3%A9t_levele_Gabriele_Rangoni_magyarorsz%C3%A1gi_m%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9s%C3%A9nek_kezdeteihez?email_work_card=title

Ceramic Production and Geodiversity in Iron Age Iberia: An Archaeometric Study of Pottery from Castrejón de Capote (SW Spain) Manuel Fernández-Götz De Groot, B.; Berrocal-Rangel, L. and FERNÁNDEZ-GÖTZ, M. (2026): Ceramic Production and Geodiversity in Iron Age Iberia: An Archaeometric Study of Pottery from Castrejón de Capote (SW Spain). Archaeometry 68(4): 659-673.

https://www.academia.edu/145564391/Ceramic_Production_and_Geodiversity_in_Iron_Age_Iberia_An_Archaeometric_Study_of_Pottery_from_Castrej%C3%B3n_de_Capote_SW_Spain_?email_work_card=title The hillfort of Castrejón de Capote is one of the best investigated settlements of Late Iron Age southwest Iberia. Located in the territory that the classical sources attributed to the Celtici, it was occupied between the early 4th and the 1st centuries BCE. The excavations from the 1980s and 1990s have brought to light an extensive and diverse ceramic assemblage, including hand-made and wheel-made pottery, elaborate incense burners, spindle-whorls, storage vessels and several nonlocal ceramic types (Ibero-Phoenician pottery, black-gloss ‘Campanian’ ware and amphorae). This article presents the first technological analysis of the site's ceramics, revealing the compositional and technological diversity of this assemblage, which partly relates to the site's geodiverse surroundings. Utilising a broad spectrum of archaeometric methods (ceramic petrography, X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy), this study brings new insights into patterns of local manufacture and exchange of ceramics in Late Iron Age southwest Iberia.

Theory in Egyptology: Anatomy of a Discipline. Discourses in Ancient Near Eastern and Biblical Studies (Sheffield: Equinox Publishing, 2027) Uroš Matić 2027

https://www.academia.edu/39950145/Theory_in_Egyptology_Anatomy_of_a_Discipline_Discourses_in_Ancient_Near_Eastern_and_Biblical_Studies_Sheffield_Equinox_Publishing_2027_?email_work_card=title Egyptology is in wider archaeological and historical context known as a discipline which more often than not lacks reflection on its theoretical and methodological background. Although several volumes which critically deal with the research history in Egyptology appeared in the last few decades, a comprehensive study on the conditions of knowledge about ancient Egypt is still missing. There are several edited volumes and monographs which deal with theory in archaeology and history, however, Egyptology is rarely discussed in these works. This is because Egyptologists rarely reflect on the ways they produce knowledge on ancient Egypt. The aim of this book is to examine specific epistemological trajectories of Egyptology, their crossings with other disciplines such as philology, archaeology, history and anthropology. It closely looks into the so-called paradigm shifts within and outside of the field. In relation to incoming jubilee of 200 years of Egyptology which is celebrated in 2022, the book and its reflection on the field comes in the right time. In several chapter it presents different ways of forming knowledge on Ancient Egypt by antiquarians, evolutionists, philologists, culture-historical archaeologists, processual and post-processual archaeologists. It also examines the influence of gender studies and queer theory on Egyptology, postcolonial criticism of the field and recent new materialist approaches. The book will also investigate forms of knowledge unique for Egyptology, its rare contributions to general archaeological theory and its specific historical conditions rooted in colonial, postcolonial and neocolonial contexts. The book will be useful both to experts in the field and students. It will also benefit to other related fields.

Capítulo: OPOSICIONES SIMBÓLICAS BINARIAS EN EL MURAL HISTORIA Y MESTIZAJE DE UN PUEBLO DE ROBERTO MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA. Tatiana Valdez Bubnova Tatiana Valdez Bubnova 2026, El muralismo del siglo XX en Morelos: Memorias

https://www.academia.edu/169828539/Cap%C3%ADtulo_OPOSICIONES_SIMB%C3%93LICAS_BINARIAS_EN_EL_MURAL_HISTORIA_Y_MESTIZAJE_DE_UN_PUEBLO_DE_ROBERTO_MART%C3%8DNEZ_GARC%C3%8DA_Tatiana_Valdez_Bubnova?email_work_card=title La ubicación del mural junto con sus centros simbólicos y geométricos y su sistema de oposiciones forman un tejido simbólico de oposiciones binarias, pero también de pluri-oposiciones que son más complicadas que las meramente binarias, y permiten contrastar de manera continua variedad de conceptos visuales. Estos construyen significación por medio de grupos de figuras que integran en el catolicismo a las comunidades representadas en el mural, pero de diversos modos.

Marthari, M. 2018. Architecture, seals and aspects of social organisation in the peak period of the Early Bronze Age Cyclades: the evidence from the major settlement at Skarkos on the island of Ios. Marisa Marthari in H. Meller, D. Gronenborn & R.Risch (eds.), Surplus without the State ― Political Forms in Prehistory (10. Mitteldeutscher Archäologentag), Halle 2018: Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale), pp. 167-198

https://www.academia.edu/41750050/Marthari_M_2018_Architecture_seals_and_aspects_of_social_organisation_in_the_peak_period_of_the_Early_Bronze_Age_Cyclades_the_evidence_from_the_major_settlement_at_Skarkos_on_the_island_of_Ios The site of Skarkos is situated on a hill, close to the large, sheltered harbour of the island of Ios. The excavations conducted by the author brought to light a multiperiod prehistoric site and, most significantly, a settlement of the Cycladic Early Bronze Age II. Indeed, Skarkos is the first site to offer astonishing evidence of a settlement of the mid-3rd millennium BC (Keros-Syros Culture) in the Cyclades. The settlement has a well-organised plan, with wide streets and squares, two-storey rectangular buildings, and a drainage system. In the area excavated so far, 1o insulae and 55 buildings have been uncovered. Among the most interesting finds are marble figurines and fine vessels, stamp seals, and dozens of terracotta, seal-impressed, cubic objects that were possibly tied like labels to sacks and other containers. The discoveries at Skarkos demonstrate that the Cycladic communities had developed a much more complex internal organisation in the peak period of the Early Cycladic world than had previously been assumed. / Architektur, Siegel und Aspekte der sozialen Organisation in der Blütezeit der frühbronzezeitlichen Kykladen: Hinweise aus der Großsiedlung Skarkos auf der Insel Ios. Die Fundstelle Skarkos liegt auf einem Hügel in der Nähe des großen geschützten Hafens auf der Insel Ios. Die von der Autorin durchgeführten Ausgrabungen brachten eine mehrphasige prähistorische Fundstelle zutage und – als wichtigste Entdeckung – eine Siedlung der kykladischen Frühbronzezeit II. Skarkos ist die erste Fundstelle mit erstaunlichen Siedlungsüberresten des mittleren 3. Jts. v. Chr. (Keros-Syros-Kultur) auf den Kykladen. Der Siedlungsgrundriss zeugt von einer gut organisierten Planung mit breiten Straßen und Plätzen, zweistöckigen Rechteckbauten und einem Abwassersystem. In der bisher ausgegrabenen Fläche lassen sich 10 insulae und 55 Gebäude ausmachen. Einige der interessantesten Funde sind Marmorfiguren und feinkeramische Gefäße, Stempelsiegel sowie Dutzende von kubischen Terrakottaobjekten mit Siegelabdrücken, welche an Säcken und anderen Behältern befestigt als Etiketten gedient haben könnten. Die in Skarkos zum Vorschein gekommenen Funde und Befunde weisen darauf hin, dass die kykladischen Gemeinschaften in der frühkykladischen Blütezeit weit komplexere interne Organisationsformen entwickelt hatten als bisher angenommen.

Agamemnons Reich. Entstehung und Konsolidierung des Königreichs der Achäer Jorrit Kelder 2026, Das Altertum

https://www.academia.edu/170039499/Agamemnons_Reich_Entstehung_und_Konsolidierung_des_K%C3%B6nigreichs_der_Ach%C3%A4er This paper (in German) attempts to write a brief history of the Late Bronze Age Greek world, starting with the emergence of Mycenae, it consolidation of control over various other polities, and processes that led to the collapse of the palace world. Questions such as identity, contacts with other states in the eastern Mediterranean, and relations with later traditions are also briefly discussed.

Three-Dimensional Cranial Shape Analyses and Gene Flow in North Africa during the Middle to Late Holocene Efthymia Nikita

https://www.academia.edu/1228157/Three_Dimensional_Cranial_Shape_Analyses_and_Gene_Flow_in_North_Africa_during_the_Middle_to_Late_Holocene?email_work_card=title&li=0 Archaeological evidence shows that populations used to transverse the Sahara Desert throughout the Holocene despite the extreme temperatures and the rough physical terrain. The current paper examines whether the desert inhibited extended gene flow among populations by means of cranial morphology as captured by geometric morphometrics. The examined populations include the Garamantes, a group centered in Southwest Libya and largely controlling trans-Saharan trade, and various Egyptian, Tunisian and Sudanese groups dating to the Middle and Late Holocene. The results showed that most inter-population comparisons were statistically significant and therefore all populations appear more or less distant to each other. The Mahalanobis biodistance measure identified four clusters. The first consists of the Garamantes alone, the second includes the populations from Kerma and Gizeh, the third includes the Badari and Naqada, while the fourth consists of the samples from Algeria, Carthago, Soleb and Alexandria. Moreover, the distance of the Garamantes to their neighbors was significantly high and the population appeared to be an outlier. This is attributed to the location of the Garamantes at the core of the desert, indicating that, despite the archaeological evidence, the Sahara Desert posed important limitations to gene flow between the Garamantes and other North African populations.

Krisen und Konjunkturen des Kapitalismus in der Schweiz des 20. Jahrhunderts Jakob Tanner Jakob Tanner, Krisen und Konjunkturen des Kapitalismus in der Schweiz des 20. Jahrhunderts, in: Mirela Ivanova, Helene Thaa, Oliver Nachtwey (Hg.): Kapitalismus und Kapitalismuskritik, Frankfurt a.M.: campus 2022, S. 169-192.

https://www.academia.edu/103442196/Krisen_und_Konjunkturen_des_Kapitalismus_in_der_Schweiz_des_20_Jahrhunderts?email_work_card=title Vor dem Hintergrund der Transformationen des globalen Kapitalismus analysiert dieser Artikel die Entwicklung des auf einer starken Währung, einer niedrigen Steuerbelastung und des Bankgeheimnisses basierenden «nationalen Geschäftsmodells», mit dem die Schweiz seit dem Ersten Weltkrieg zu einer Drehscheibe des Kapitalverkehrs und ein Hort der internationalen Kapitalflucht werden konnte. Es werden die Schwächen und Schwierigkeiten der Kapitalismuskritik in der Schweiz diskutiert und die Perspektiven einer radikalen Reformpolitik aufgezeigt. Against the background of the transformations of global capitalism, this paper analyzes the development of the "national business model" based on a strong currency, a low tax burden and banking secrecy, with which Switzerland has risen since World War I to become a hub of capital movements and a haven for international capital flight. The weakness and difficulties of a left critique of capitalist growth policies in Switzerland are addressed, and some reflections on the prospects for a radical reform policy are offered.

"Quetzaltecolotl y las cuentas calendáricas: apuntes sobre la última resistencia mexica en el asedio de México-Tenochtitlan", 2026, Fronteras de la Historia, vol. 31-2, pp. 165-190. Elena Mazzetto

https://www.academia.edu/170056177/_Quetzaltecolotl_y_las_cuentas_calend%C3%A1ricas_apuntes_sobre_la_%C3%BAltima_resistencia_mexica_en_el_asedio_de_M%C3%A9xico_Tenochtitlan_2026_Fronteras_de_la_Historia_vol_31_2_pp_165_190 Este trabajo está enfocado en el análisis de un acontecimiento singular que tuvo lugar durante el asedio de México-Tenochtitlan, poco antes de la derrota mexica por parte de las huestes españolas de Hernán Cortés y sus aliados indígenas. El soberano Cuauhtemoc revistió a un guerrero valiente con las insignias del búho-quetzal, Quetzaltecolotl, encomendándole espantar a sus enemigos. A partir del estudio de las fuentes documentales en las que dicha hazaña bélica está descrita, en este artículo planteo un acercamiento al protagonista de los hechos, así como al significado de su participación en un momento muy específico de la lucha. Lo anterior me llevará a proponer una lectura renovada de los objetivos bélicos mexicas, con lo cual se ampliará la perspectiva sobre las categorías de resistencia nativa.

Elena Mazzetto UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Faculty Member

Elena Mazzetto UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Faculty Member https://unam1.academia.edu/ElenaMazzetto

A chromospheric model for FU Ori Massimo Teodorani

https://www.academia.edu/74815010/A_chromospheric_model_for_FU_Ori?email_work_card=title&li=0 We present medium and high-dispersion optical spectra of the FUOr variable FU Ori, demonstrating that some lines are subject to variability both on a yearly and on a daily time scale. Some raw models of accretion disk atmospheres are presented in order to explain both qualitatively and quantitatively the dynamics of the observed line variability. Computing synthetic profiles for the Hα line by using the non-LTE MULTI code, we find that the emission component of this feature is very sensitive to the temperature gradient and the maximum temperature reached in a chromospheric-like layer. Further, the blue absorption component of the Hα depends only on the velocity field of the wind and the transition between the absorption and emission components is produced where the chromosphere ends and the wind begins. Similar chromospheric analysis is applied to the profile of the Na I D lines in pure absorption.

Teaching practices in the humanities and social sciences at the elementary level in Quebec 25 years after the curriculum reform Guilherme Moerbeck

https://www.academia.edu/169906342/Teaching_practices_in_the_humanities_and_social_sciences_at_the_elementary_level_in_Quebec_25_years_after_the_curriculum_reform?email_work_card=title Introduction. This article explores teaching practices in the humanities and social sciences at the elementary school level, 25 years after the curriculum and teacher education reform in Quebec. Methodology. The study draws on analysis of an online survey administered to 243 teachers to highlight the didactic dimensions of social studies teaching. Results and discussion. The results indicate that current practices prioritize the transmission of general knowledge in geography and history, as well as the development of attitudes and values to foster a sense of belonging in students. Although a research-based approach to history and geography teaching has been partly incorporated, the instructional tools employed remain primarily focused on general knowledge, with limited use of didactic tools such as mind maps and concept maps. This situation reveals a significant gap between available teaching resources and intended learning objectives, and highlights the need to revise practices in order to better align teaching with educational guidelines.

Smokes from the Volcanoes of Marxism? Jakob Tanner Jakob Tanner, Smokes from the Volcanoes of Marxism? In: Benjamin Zachariah, Lutz Raphael, Brigitta Bernet (Eds.), What’s Left of Marxism. Historiography and the Possibilities of Thinking with Marxian Themes and Concepts, Odenbourg: De Gruyter 2020, S. 19-35.

https://www.academia.edu/44294789/Smokes_from_the_Volcanoes_of_Marxism?email_work_card=title

THE BODHISATTVA'S BODY IN A PILL The Material and Spiritual History of a Buddhist Relic Tradition James Gentry 2026, THE BODHISATTVA'S BODY IN A PILL The Material and Spiritual History of a Buddhist Relic Tradition

https://www.academia.edu/169907339/THE_BODHISATTVAS_BODY_IN_A_PILL_The_Material_and_Spiritual_History_of_a_Buddhist_Relic_Tradition?email_work_card=title

Three New Kings of Assyria Eckart Frahm, Alexander Johannes Edmonds

https://www.academia.edu/169939048/Three_New_Kings_of_Assyria?email_work_card=title In this contribution, we critically examine the claim that the Assyrian King List (AKL) reliably contains all Neo-Assyrian monarchs up to Shalmaneser V, presenting three historical scenarios in which it can be demonstrated that short-lived Assyrian kings ruled parallel to or between those listed in the AKL's first-millennium BCE portion. The first of these is a new rebel king Tiglath-pileser who rose up against his nephew Aššur-dān III in 763 BCE (most likely in the wake of a dramatic solar eclipse) and was enthroned in Aššur, before being toppled again by Aššur-dān III's forces. The second is a new Shalmaneser who we assume succeeded Aššur-nārārī V to the Assyrian throne late in 747 BCE but lost his throne to Tiglath-pileser III a little more than a year later in 745 BCE. The third is earlier in date, a short-lived Aššur-uballiṭ whose reign was usurped by Adad-nārārī II in 912* BCE. Each king was enthroned at Aššur, and enjoyed support from some, if not all of Assyria, but was subsequently defeated or deposed. Evidence of the partial erasure of two of these kings from the historical record can be identified. The new insights thus gained into the cutthroat Assyrian "game of thrones" demonstrate that the AKL is not a reliable list of all Neo-Assyrian rulers, but rather of those who reigned long and successfully enough to be included by its editors in an idealized, consecutive order. This reframes our perspective on the motivations behind the compilation of this remarkable text, and the nature of Assyrian kingship itself.

Fake news in the Middle Ages: 10 legends that stand the test of time Published on June 20, 2026

https://www.dictionaryscoop.com/article/Fake-news-in-the-Middle-Ages-10-legends-that-stand-the-test-of-time Before dark web conspiracy theories, people had the tavern. Information in the Middle Ages traveled slowly, mutating with every retelling. What we now call urban legends back then were terrifying theological myths that thousands accepted as facts. Discover ten of the most famous medieval legends that shaped the worldview of Europe for centuries.