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macula

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Macula and mácula

Translingual

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Etymology

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Latin macula

Noun

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macula

  1. (geography, planetography, astronomy) A type of albedo feature on the surface of celestial bodies, a darkened region.

Antonyms

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  • nix (bright region)

Hypernyms

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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Image
Illustration showing parts of the human eye, including the macula.

Etymology

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From Middle English macula (“spot on the skin or in the eye”), borrowed from Latin macula (“spot, stain”). Doublet of macchia and macule.

Pronunciation

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  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈmæk.jᵿ.lə/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈmæk.jə.lə/
  • Hyphenation: mac‧u‧la

Noun

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macula (plural maculas or maculae)

  1. (anatomy) An oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye, histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells, responsible for detailed central vision.
  2. (anatomy, biology) A small chamber of the inner ear of certain vertebrates filled with endolymph and containing an otolith.
  3. A spot, as on the skin, or on the surface of the sun or of some other luminous orb.
  4. A rather large spot or blotch of color.
  5. In planetary geology, an unusually dark area on the surface of a planet or moon.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Further reading

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Catalan

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Verb

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macula

  1. inflection of macular:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

French

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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macula

  1. third-person singular past historic of maculer

Italian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin macula, whence also the inherited doublet macchia.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈma.ku.la/
  • Rhymes: -akula
  • Hyphenation: mà‧cu‧la

Noun

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macula f (plural macule)

  1. (anatomy, astronomy, geology) macula
  2. stain, blot
  3. (pathology) macule blotch

Synonyms

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Further reading

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  • Image macula on the Italian Wikipedia.Wikipedia it
  • macula in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Italic *smatlom, from Proto-Indo-European *smH-tló-m (“wiping (perhaps)”), from a root *smeh₂- (“to wipe”) or *smeh₁-. Perhaps related to Ancient Greek σμάω (smáō, “to wipe clean, cleanse”).[1]

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    macula f (genitive maculae); first declension

    1. in a bad sense
      1. (literally and in general) a spot, speck, small mark or stain
        1. (literally and in particular) a disfiguring spot, stain, or blemish
          1. (on the skin) a blemish, temporary or permanent (for example, a bruise, freckle, mole, birthmark, etc.)
          2. (on a garment) a stain, an area of soiling or defilement
      2. (figuratively) a fault or blemish, a blot on one’s character
      3. (transferred sense) a mark of shame or disgrace; a stigma, brand, or blight
    2. in a neutral sense
      1. any kind of marking or point of variegation; a speckle, spot, patch, line, or similar
        1. on the skin or coat of an animal
        2. on the leaves of a plant
      2. (transferred sense) a mesh in a net, a cell in a network, or a hole in a web
        1. (Medieval Latin, in particular) a cell in a coat of mail, a ring of mail armour
        2. (Medieval Latin, transferred sense) a link in a chain

    Declension

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    First-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative macula maculae
    genitive maculae maculārum
    dative maculae maculīs
    accusative maculam maculās
    ablative maculā maculīs
    vocative macula maculae

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Through Vulgar Latin *macla:

    Through Vulgar Latin *mancla:

    Borrowings:

    References

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    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “macula”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 357-8

    Further reading

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    • “măcŭla”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “macula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "macula", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “măcŭla”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 935/2.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to blot out a reproach: maculam (conceptam) delere, eluere
      • (ambiguous) to sully one's fair fame: vitae splendori(em) maculas(is) aspergere
    • “macula” on pages 1,058–1,059 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
    • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “macula, macla”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 624/1

    Middle English

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Latin macula. Doublet of mayle.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    macula (plural maculas)

    1. (Late Middle English, rare) A lesion on the eye or skin.

    Descendants

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    References

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    Portuguese

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    Verb

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    macula

    1. inflection of macular:
      1. third-person singular present indicative
      2. second-person singular imperative

    Romanian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Latin maculare or French maculer.

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    a macula (third-person singular present maculează, past participle maculat) 1st conjugation

    1. to mark, to spoil

    Conjugation

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        conjugation of macula (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
    infinitive a macula
    gerund maculând
    past participle maculat
    number singular plural
    person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
    present maculez maculezi maculează maculăm maculați maculează
    imperfect maculam maculai macula maculam maculați maculau
    simple perfect maculai maculași maculă macularăm macularăți maculară
    pluperfect maculasem maculaseși maculase maculaserăm maculaserăți maculaseră
    subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
    present să maculez să maculezi să maculeze să maculăm să maculați să maculeze
    imperative — tu — — voi —
    affirmative maculează maculați
    negative nu macula nu maculați

    Further reading

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    Spanish

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    Verb

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    macula

    1. inflection of macular:
      1. third-person singular present indicative
      2. second-person singular imperative
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