Kota global

Kota dunia merupakan sebuah kota yang dianggap menjadi titik penting dalam sistem perekonomian dunia. Kata "kota dunia", berbeda dengan megakota, yang diciptakan oleh Saskia Sassen untuk menyebut London, New York dan Tokyo dalam karyanya tahun 1991 The Global City.^[1]

Kota Global ^[2]

Kota global lama

Kontribusi besar: London dan New York City.
Kontribusi sedikit dan dengan kekuatan budaya:: Los Angeles, Paris, dan San Francisco.
Kota global baru: Amsterdam, Boston, Chicago, Madrid, Milan, Moscow, Toronto.

Kota niche global - kontribusi global khusus

Keuangan: Hong Kong, Singapore dan Tokyo.
Politik dan sosial: Brussels, Jenewa dan Washington, D.C.

Kota Dunia

Kota artikulator subnet

Budaya: Berlin, Copenhagen, Melbourne, Munich, Oslo, Roma, Stockholm.
Politik: Bangkok, Beijing, Vienna.
Sosial: Manila, Nairobi, Ottawa.

Kota terdepan dunia

Kontribusi ekonomi global: Frankfurt, Miami, Munich, Osaka, Singapore, Sydney, Zurich
Kontribusi non-ekonomi global: Abidjan, Addis Ababa, Atlanta, Basel, Barcelona, Cairo, Denver, Harare, Lyon, Manila, Mexico City, Mumbai, New Delhi, Shanghai.

Kota khusus

Peringkat	Populasi kota (batas)	Populasi di wilayah metropolitan	Persentase kelahiran asing	Biaya hidup ekspatriat	Sistem metro menurut perjalanan penumpang tahunan	10 sistem rel menurut panjang	Lalu lintas udara penumpang tahunan dalam sebuah bandara tunggal ^[3]	Number of billionaires (US Dollars)^[4]^[5]^[6]	Gross Metropolitan Product at PPPs (Total output; not per capita) ^[7]
1	Mumbai	Tokyo	Miami	Moscow	Tokyo	London	Atlanta	Moscow	Tokyo
2	Karachi	Mexico City	Toronto	London	Moscow	New York City	Chicago	New York City	New York City
3	Delhi	Seoul	Los Angeles	Seoul	New York City	Tokyo	London	London	Los Angeles
4	São Paulo	New York City	Vancouver	Tokyo	Seoul	Seoul	Tokyo	Istanbul	Chicago
5	Shanghai	São Paulo	New York City	Hong Kong	Mexico City	Madrid	Los Angeles	Hong Kong	Paris
6	Moscow	Mumbai	Singapore	Copenhagen	Paris	Moscow	Dallas	Los Angeles	London
7	Seoul	Delhi	Sydney	Jenewa	London	Paris	Paris	Mumbai	Greater Osaka Metropolitan Region
8	Istanbul	Shanghai	Abidjan	Osaka	Hong Kong	Mexico City	Frankfurt	San Francisco	Mexico City
9	Mexico City	Jakarta	London	Zürich	Osaka	Hong Kong	Beijing	Dallas	Philadelphia
10	Tokyo	Moscow	Paris	Oslo	São Paulo	Chicago	Denver	Tokyo	Washington, D.C.

Lihat pula

Referensi

↑ "503 Saskia Sassen, The global city: strategic site/new frontier". India Seminar. Diakses tanggal 6 Juni 2022.
↑ Leading World Cities, GaWC, Loughborough University
↑ "TOP Ten" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2007-09-29. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-29.
↑ INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE WEALTH MANAGEMENTPDF (136 KiB), International Financial Services, December 2004
↑ Forbes reports billionaire boom, BBC, 10 March 2006
↑ 500 richest in Russia, Finance Magazine, published by RBC. February 2006.
↑ PriceWaterhouseCoopers, "UK Economic Outlook, March 2007", page 5. ""Table 1.2 – Top 30 urban agglomeration GDP rankings in 2005 and illustrative projections to 2020 (using UN definitions and population estimates)"" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 2007-03-09. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Nama numerik: authors list (link)

Pranala luar

Repository of Links Relating to Urban Places Diarsipkan 2005-06-23 di Wayback Machine.
World Cities Diarsipkan 2006-05-30 di Wayback Machine. article by Jennifer Curtis of Charles Sturt University
The World-System’s City System: A Research Agenda Diarsipkan 2006-05-27 di Wayback Machine. by Jeffrey Kentor and Michael Timberlake of the University of Utah and David Smith of University of California, Irvine
The State of the World's Cities, 2001 Diarsipkan 2011-10-03 di Wayback Machine., UN Human Settlements Programme
"U.S. Cities in the 'World City Network'", by Peter J. Taylor and Robert E. Lang, February 2005 (Full Report in PDF)

[1] "503 Saskia Sassen, The global city: strategic site/new frontier". India Seminar. Diakses tanggal 6 Juni 2022.

[2] Leading World Cities, GaWC, Loughborough University

[3] "TOP Ten" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2007-09-29. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-29.

[4] INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE WEALTH MANAGEMENTPDF (136 KiB), International Financial Services, December 2004

[5] Forbes reports billionaire boom, BBC, 10 March 2006

[6] 500 richest in Russia, Finance Magazine, published by RBC. February 2006.

[7] PriceWaterhouseCoopers, "UK Economic Outlook, March 2007", page 5. ""Table 1.2 – Top 30 urban agglomeration GDP rankings in 2005 and illustrative projections to 2020 (using UN definitions and population estimates)"" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 2007-03-09. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Nama numerik: authors list (link)

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