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Fair Vote Canada is a national citizens’ campaign for
proportional representation (PR).

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What is first-past-the-post?

First-past-the-post is a winner-take-all voting system that can deliver one party all the power with 39% of the vote. With first-past-the-post, most voters elect no one.

What is proportional representation?

Proportional representation is the principle that 40% of the vote should equal about 40% of the seats. With proportional representation, almost every vote counts.

Get Involved with Fair Vote Canada

Learn what motivated others to help and get involved in the movement for proportional representation.

Picture of horses racing, says What is first-past-the-post?

What is first-past-the-post?

First-past-the-post is a winner-take-all voting system that can deliver one party all the power with 39% of the vote. With first-past-the-post, most voters elect no one.

Picture of two matching pie charts, says What is proportional representation?

What is proportional representation?

Proportional representation is the principle that 40% of the vote should equal about 40% of the seats. With proportional representation, almost every vote counts.

Photo of people mingling in a room, says "What is a Citizens' Assembly?"

Get Involved with Fair Vote Canada

Learn what motivated others to help and get involved in the movement for proportional representation.

Mark Carney and Pierre Poilievre picture for election night press release

First-past-the-post delivers us closer to a two-party system

The results of this election demonstrate, once again, that Canada’s archaic voting system is failing voters. First-past-the-post has pushed us closer than ever towards a two-party system. 

EKOS poll 2025 federal pie chart showing 68% support for proportional representation

National poll shows strong support for proportional representation

68% of Canadians support moving to proportional representation, with only 19% opposed and 13% unsure

When asked if they would like the future Prime Minister to support proportional representation, 62% said yes, 16% no, and 22% were unsure. 

Ontario election 2025 pie chart showing vote shares and seat shares

PCs form a “majority” government with  43% of the vote

Only 43% of Ontario voters supported the PCs, yet the voting system has handed Doug Ford’s PCs 64.5 % of the seats and 100% of the power. 

Winner-take-all ranked ballots are no solution, links to page on winner-take-all ranked ballots

Winner-take-all ranked ballots in single members ridings are no solution

Winner-take-all ranked ballots deliver results just as bad – or even worse – than first-past-the-post. This system can exaggerate false majorities, giving a party with 40% of the vote 70% of the seats. It can shut other parties out almost entirely, pushing us closer to a two-party system. Research shows that winner-take-all ranked ballot do nothing to reduce political polarization. (Note: ranked ballots can work very well as part of a proportional system!)

 

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